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  2. Cryptographic hash function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_hash_function

    A cryptographic hash function (CHF) is a hash algorithm (a map of an arbitrary binary string to a binary string with a fixed size of bits) that has special properties desirable for a cryptographic application: [ 1 ] the probability of a particular n {\displaystyle n} -bit output result (hash value) for a random input string ("message") is 2 − ...

  3. Padding (cryptography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padding_(cryptography)

    Padding (cryptography) In cryptography, padding is any of a number of distinct practices which all include adding data to the beginning, middle, or end of a message prior to encryption. In classical cryptography, padding may include adding nonsense phrases to a message to obscure the fact that many messages end in predictable ways, e.g ...

  4. ABAP - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABAP

    ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming, originally Allgemeiner Berichts-Aufbereitungs-Prozessor, German for "general report preparation processor" [ 2 ]) is a high-level programming language created by the German software company SAP SE. It is currently positioned, alongside Java, as the language for programming the SAP NetWeaver ...

  5. One-time pad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-time_pad

    One-time pad. A format of one-time pad used by the U.S. National Security Agency, code named DIANA. The table on the right is an aid for converting between plaintext and ciphertext using the characters at left as the key. In cryptography, the one-time pad (OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a single ...

  6. Hash function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function

    In a hash table, a hash function takes a key as an input, which is associated with a datum or record and used to identify it to the data storage and retrieval application. The keys may be fixed-length, like an integer, or variable-length, like a name. In some cases, the key is the datum itself.

  7. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    Contents. Python syntax and semantics. The syntax of the Python programming language is the set of rules that defines how a Python program will be written and interpreted (by both the runtime system and by human readers). The Python language has many similarities to Perl, C, and Java.

  8. Salt (cryptography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(cryptography)

    In cryptography, a salt is random data fed as an additional input to a one-way function that hashes data, a password or passphrase. [1] Salting helps defend against attacks that use precomputed tables (e.g. rainbow tables), by vastly growing the size of table needed for a successful attack. [2][3][4] It also helps protect passwords that occur ...

  9. Python (programming language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

    Python uses the + operator for string concatenation. Python uses the * operator for duplicating a string a specified number of times. The @ infix operator. It is intended to be used by libraries such as NumPy for matrix multiplication. [106] [107] The syntax :=, called the "walrus operator", was introduced in Python 3.8. It assigns values to ...