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Aphasia. This is a disorder that impacts the way a person comprehends, speaks, and writes language. Aphasia usually is a result of traumatic head injury or stroke, but can have other causes such as tumors or progressive diseases. [18] There are several types of aphasia, with the two most popular being Broca’s Aphasia and Wernicke’s Aphasia.
The symptoms of conduction aphasia suggest that the connection between the posterior temporal cortex and frontal cortex plays a vital role in short-term memory of words and speech sounds that are new or have just been heard. The arcuate fasciculus is the main connection between these two regions.
Expressive aphasia (also known as Broca's aphasia) is a type of aphasia characterized by partial loss of the ability to produce language (spoken, manual, [1] or written), although comprehension generally remains intact. [2] A person with expressive aphasia will exhibit effortful speech.
This type of aphasia can also be referred to as "Isolation Aphasia". This type of aphasia is a result of damage that isolates the language areas (Broca's, Wernicke’s, and the arcuate fasciculus) from other brain regions. Broca's, Wernicke's, and the arcuate fasiculus are left intact; however, they are isolated from other brain regions. [2]
Global aphasia occurs due to a lesion in the perisylvian cortex, including Broca's and Wernike's areas. [ 1 ] Global aphasia is a severe form of nonfluent aphasia, caused by damage to the left side of the brain, that affects [ 1 ] receptive and expressive language skills (needed for both written and oral language) as well as auditory and visual ...
Expressive aphasia (non-fluent Broca's aphasia): this is generally considered the second main categorization of aphasia, where individuals have great difficulty forming complete sentences with generally only basic content words (leaving out words like "is" and "the"). Unlike Wernicke's aphasia, which causes patients to speak fluently, but ...
The discovery of what is now known as Broca's area was followed years later by Carl Wernicke's famous work, 'The Symptom-Complex of Aphasia: A Psychological Study on an Anatomical Basis' in 1874. This paper is regarded as one of the most influential works in the history of the field of aphasiology.
Disconnection syndrome can also lead to aphasia, left-sided apraxia, and tactile aphasia, among other symptoms. Other types of disconnection syndrome include conduction aphasia (lesion of the association tract connecting Broca’s area and Wernicke’s), agnosia, apraxia, pure alexia, etc. [4]
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