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An accessory spleen is a small nodule of splenic tissue found apart from the main body of the spleen. Accessory spleens are found in approximately 10 percent of the population [1] and are typically around 1 centimetre in diameter. They may resemble a lymph node or a small spleen.
They consist of fibrous tissue with haemosiderin and calcium deposits, and probably form due to scarring at sites of small perivascular haemorrhages. [2] They are visible on MRI scanning due to the presence of haemosiderin. [3] They can also be seen in atrial myxomas. They are named after Charles Gandy and Carlos Gamna.
Much of the spleen's protective roles can be maintained if a small amount of spleen can be left behind. [17] Where clinically appropriate, attempts are now often made to perform either surgical subtotal (partial) splenectomy, [18] or partial splenic embolization. [19]
The most frequent cause of autosplenectomy is sickle cell anemia [10] which causes progressive splenic hypofunction over time. Increased deoxygenation causes sickling of red blood cells, which adhere to the spleen wall and splenic macrophages causing ischemia . [ 2 ]
Splenomegaly is an enlargement of the spleen. [1] The spleen usually lies in the left upper quadrant (LUQ) of the human abdomen.Splenomegaly is one of the four cardinal signs of hypersplenism which include: some reduction in number of circulating blood cells affecting granulocytes, erythrocytes or platelets in any combination; a compensatory proliferative response in the bone marrow; and the ...
Multiple implants of splenic tissue can mimic the appearance of some cancerous conditions. This can be clarified through diagnostic imaging (for example, ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI). In particular, splenosis is differentiated from different forms of lymphoma , metastisized cancers , cancer of the abdomen and pleural tissues, primary kidney or ...
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Acquired asplenia occurs for several reasons: . Following splenectomy due to splenic rupture from trauma or because of tumor; After splenectomy with the goal of interfering with splenic function, as a treatment for diseases (e.g. idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, thalassemia, spherocytosis), in which the spleen's usual activity exacerbates the disease