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Russian distinguishes hard (unpalatalized or plain) and soft (palatalized) consonants (both phonetically and orthographically). Soft consonants, most of which are denoted by a superscript ʲ , are pronounced with the body of the tongue raised toward the hard palate , like the articulation of the y sound in yes .
Russian vowel chart by Jones & Trofimov (1923:55). The symbol i̝ stands for a positional variant of /i/ raised in comparison with the usual allophone of /i/, not a raised cardinal which would result in a consonant. Russian stressed vowel chart according to their formants and surrounding consonants, from Timberlake (2004:31, 38). C is hard (non ...
Ye (Є, є) appears after E and represents the sound /jɛ/. E and И (И, и) both represent the sound /ɪ/ if unstressed. И when stressed represents the sound /ɨ/, the same as the traditional Cyrillic letter Yery (Ы). I (І, і) appears after И and represents the sound /i/. Yi (Ї, ї) appears after I and represents the sound /ji/.
View a machine-translated version of the Russian article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
The IPA specifies that they mark the obscured sound, [18] as in ⸨2σ⸩, two audible syllables obscured by another sound. The current extIPA specifications prescribe double parentheses for the extraneous noise, such as ⸨cough⸩ for a cough by another person (not the speaker) or ⸨knock⸩ for a knock on a door, but the IPA Handbook ...
Russian is written with a modern variant of the Cyrillic script.Russian spelling typically avoids arbitrary digraphs.Except for the use of hard and soft signs, which have no phonetic value in isolation but can follow a consonant letter, no phoneme is ever represented with more than one letter.
In the pronunciation of the Russian language, several ways of vowel reduction (and its absence) are distinguished between the standard language and dialects. Russian orthography most often does not reflect vowel reduction, which can confuse foreign-language learners, but some spelling reforms have changed some words.
There was no [jo] sound in early Slavic, so І-ОУ did not need to be distinguished from І-О. After č, š, ž, c, dz, št, and žd, this letter was pronounced [u], without iotation. Ѫ ѫ: ѫсъ: ǫsо̆ ǫ ǫ [ɔ̃] Glagolitic Ons Ⱘ Called юсъ большой (big yus) in Russian. Ѭ ѭ: ѭсъ: jǫsо̆ jǫ i͡ǫ [jɔ̃] І-Ѫ ligature