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The Access to Knowledge (A2K) movement is a loose collection of civil society groups, governments, and individuals converging on the idea that access to knowledge should be linked to fundamental principles of justice, freedom, and economic development.
The Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities is an international statement on open access and access to knowledge. It emerged from a conference on open access hosted in the Harnack House in Berlin by the Max Planck Society in 2003. [1]
Open access helps researchers as readers by opening up access to articles that their libraries do not subscribe to. All researchers benefit from open access as no library can afford to subscribe to every scientific journal and most can only afford a small fraction of them – this is known as the "serials crisis". [128]
The term "open access" itself was first formulated in three public statements in the 2000s: the Budapest Open Access Initiative in February 2002, the Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing in June 2003, and the Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities in October 2003, [2] and the initial concept of ...
The Guerilla Open Access Manifesto is a document published by (and widely attributed to) Aaron Swartz in 2008 that argues for transgressive approaches to achieving the goals of the open access movement through civil disobedience, willful violation of copyright and contracts that restrict redistribution of knowledge, and activities that exist in ...
Pasteur4OA (Open Access Policy Alignment Strategies for European Union Research) begins. The Cost of Knowledge protest begins against high prices charged by large publisher Elsevier . 22 October: Brussels Declaration signed, on open access to Belgian publicly funded research .
The Wikimedia Foundation has identified knowledge equity as a key element toward its strategic direction for an ecosystem of open and inclusive knowledge, [5] [6] where everybody has the access to create and consume knowledge. [7] This has been connected with education as a social strategy for expanding knowledge equity. [7]
The Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) is a public statement of principles relating to open access to the research literature, [1] which was released to the public on February 14, 2002. [2] It arose from a convening in Budapest organized by the Open Society Institute on December 1–2 2001 to promote open access, which at that time was also ...