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In developmental psychology and developmental biology, a critical period is a maturational stage in the lifespan of an organism during which the nervous system is especially sensitive to certain environmental stimuli. If, for some reason, the organism does not receive the appropriate stimulus during this "critical period" to learn a given skill ...
One critical period is weeks 8-24 of gestation. Another sensitive period shortly after birth may exist with a peak in testosterone in male infants during postnatal months 1-5. [14] Auyeung et al. tested for an association between fetal and postnatal testosterone and autism in children. The results supported the idea that there is a critical ...
Sensitive periods [ edit ] Although the ocular dominance columns are formed before birth, there is a period after birth—formerly called a " critical period " and now called a " sensitive period "—when the ocular dominance columns may be modified by activity dependent plasticity .
The theory has often been extended to a critical period for second-language acquisition (SLA). David Singleton states that in learning a second language, "younger = better in the long run", but points out that there are many exceptions, noting that five percent of adult bilinguals master a second language even though they begin learning it when they are well into adulthood—long after any ...
Some of the most pervading examples of this can be seen through the development of the visual cortex in addition to the acquisition of language as a result of developmental plasticity during the critical period. [8] [32] A lesser known example, however, remains the critical development of respiratory control during developmental periods. At ...
Improved understanding of cerebral development during this critical period is important for mapping normal growth, and for investigating mechanisms of injury associated with risk factors for maldevelopment such as premature birth. Hence, there is a need for dense coverage of this age range with a time-varying, age-dependent atlas.
Hospitality and travel-related roles were among some of the fastest-growing jobs, according to LinkedIn's analysis of user data. (Thomas Barwick/Digital Vision/Getty Images)
The concept of critical periods is also well-established in neurophysiology, from the work of Hubel and Wiesel among others. Neurophysiology in infants generally provides correlating details that exists between neurophysiological details and clinical features and also focuses on vital information on rare and common neurological disorders that ...