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The biological and geological future of Earth can be extrapolated based on the estimated effects of several long-term influences. These include the chemistry at Earth 's surface, the cooling rate of the planet's interior , gravitational interactions with other objects in the Solar System , and a steady increase in the Sun's luminosity .
The Earth and Moon are very likely destroyed by falling into the Sun, just before the Sun reaches the top of its red giant phase. [114] [note 3] Before the final collision, the Moon possibly spirals below Earth's Roche limit, breaking into a ring of debris, most of which falls to the Earth's surface. [116]
The Earth is destroyed by the Sun at "high noon", though animals and plants come to an end by 5:00 am, meaning that the time that Earth can remain habitable to animals is very short, lasting only just 1 billion years, with the present day being the halfway point through that relatively short time.
Evidence of a changing planet can be seen on NASA's website - Global Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet. One of the many features of this site is a series of revealing before-and-after ...
At long irregular intervals, Earth's biosphere suffers a catastrophic die-off, a mass extinction, [9] often comprising an accumulation of smaller extinction events over a relatively brief period. [10] The first known mass extinction was the Great Oxidation Event 2.4 billion years ago, which killed most of the planet's obligate anaerobes.
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The history of life on Earth traces the processes by which living and extinct organisms evolved, from the earliest emergence of life to the present day. Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago (abbreviated as Ga, for gigaannum) and evidence suggests that life emerged prior to 3.7 Ga. [1] [2] [3] The similarities among all known present-day species indicate that they have diverged through the ...
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