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In neuroscience, the default mode network (DMN), also known as the default network, default state network, or anatomically the medial frontoparietal network (M-FPN), is a large-scale brain network primarily composed of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus and angular gyrus.
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is composed of BA12, BA25, and anterior cingulate cortex: BA32, BA33, BA24. [1] Within that area is the dorsal nexus, which interconnects many parts of the brain. [19] The ventral prefrontal cortex is composed of areas BA11, BA13, and BA14. [1] (Also see the definition of the orbitofrontal cortex.)
The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is a part of the prefrontal cortex in the mammalian brain.The ventral medial prefrontal is located in the frontal lobe at the bottom of the cerebral hemispheres and is implicated in the processing of risk and fear, as it is critical in the regulation of amygdala activity in humans. [2]
A Brodmann area is a region of the cerebral cortex, in the human or other primate brain, defined by its cytoarchitecture, or histological structure and organization of cells. The concept was first introduced by the German anatomist Korbinian Brodmann in the early 20th century.
Brodmann area 9, or BA9, refers to a cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the frontal cortex in the brain of humans and other primates. Its cytoarchitecture is referred to as granular due to the concentration of granule cells in layer IV. [1] It contributes to the dorsolateral and medial prefrontal cortex.
The unique medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampal connectivity allows reuniens to regulate neural traffic in this cortical network related to changes in an organism's attentiveness, [11] making reuniens critical to associative learning, [12] memory retrieval, [13] memory generalization, [14] spatial route planning, [15] and resilience to stress.
Brodmann area 46, or BA46, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain.It is between BA10 and BA45.. BA46 is known as middle frontal area 46.In the human brain it occupies approximately the middle third of the middle frontal gyrus and the most rostral portion of the inferior frontal gyrus.
Two areas of the brain that are important in retrieving self-knowledge are the medial prefrontal cortex and the medial posterior parietal cortex. [3] The posterior cingulate cortex , the anterior cingulate cortex , and medial prefrontal cortex are thought to combine to provide humans with the ability to self-reflect.