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  2. Epiglottic vallecula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiglottic_vallecula

    The valleculae can collect saliva to prevent initiation of the swallowing reflex. The vallecula is an important reference landmark used during intubation of the trachea. The procedure requires the blade-tip of a Macintosh-style laryngoscope to be placed as far as possible into the vallecula in order to facilitate directly visualizing the glottis .

  3. List of instruments used in otorhinolaryngology, head and ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_instruments_used...

    used in ear surgery •Jansen's self retaining: self retaining retractor used in mastoid surgery •Mollison's self retaining haemostatic: self retaining retractor used in mastoid surgery Tracheal dilator: used in tracheostomy to dilate the cut edges of the trachea: Long gauze pieces: for anterior nasal packing

  4. Oral and maxillofacial surgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_and_maxillofacial_surgery

    Oral and maxillofacial surgery requires an extensive 4-6 year surgical residency training covering the U.S. specialty's scope of practice: surgery of the oral cavity, dental implant surgery, dentoalveolar surgery, surgery of the temporomandibular joint, general surgery, reconstructive surgery of the face, head and neck, mouth, and jaws, facial ...

  5. Pharyngeal flap surgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharyngeal_flap_surgery

    Pharyngeal flap surgery has been completed in both children and adults. When younger children undergo the surgery, fewer speech impairments tend to occur. A possible explanation is that the earlier the surgery, the less likely the child will have developed compensatory strategies to overcome the velopharyngeal incompetence (Armour et al., 2005

  6. Aryepiglottic fold - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryepiglottic_fold

    The aryepiglottic folds are triangular folds of mucous membrane of the larynx.They enclose ligamentous and muscular fibres. They extend from the lateral borders of the epiglottis to the arytenoid cartilages, hence the name 'aryepiglottic'.

  7. Flap (surgery) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flap_(surgery)

    Flap surgery is a technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery where tissue with an intact blood supply is lifted from a donor site and moved to a recipient site. Flaps are distinct from grafts , which do not have an intact blood supply and relies on the growth of new blood vessels.

  8. Dysphagia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysphagia

    Achalasia is a major exception to usual pattern of dysphagia in that swallowing of fluid tends to cause more difficulty than swallowing solids. In achalasia, there is idiopathic destruction of parasympathetic ganglia of the Auerbach's (Myenteric) plexus of the entire esophagus, which results in functional narrowing of the lower esophagus , and ...

  9. Laryngeal cyst - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_cyst

    Hoarseness is the most common presenting symptom, while pain, stridor or laryngeal obstruction are unusual complaints. [5] They may cause significant respiratory obstruction leading to dyspnoea or respiratory distress [3] and even cyanosis, and jugular and epigastric retractions. [1]