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It was once expected that any icy body larger than approximately 200 km in radius was likely to be in hydrostatic equilibrium (HE). [7] However, Ceres (r = 470 km) is the smallest body for which detailed measurements are consistent with hydrostatic equilibrium, [ 8 ] whereas Iapetus (r = 735 km) is the largest icy body that has been found to ...
Shortly after, circa 450 BCE, Anaxagoras was the first philosopher to consider the Sun as a huge object (larger than the land of Peloponnesus [15]), and consequently, to realize how far from Earth it might be. He also suggested that the Moon is rocky, thus opaque, and closer to the Earth than the Sun, giving a correct explanation of eclipses. [16]
A size comparison of Neptune and Earth. Neptune's mass of 1.0243 × 10 26 kg [8] is intermediate between Earth and the larger gas giants: it is 17 times that of Earth but just 1/19th that of Jupiter. [g] Its gravity at 1 bar is 11.15 m/s 2, 1.14 times the surface gravity of Earth, [71] and surpassed only by Jupiter. [72]
Jupiter and Saturn are principally made of hydrogen and helium, whilst Uranus and Neptune consist of water, ammonia, and methane. The defining differences between a very low-mass brown dwarf and a massive gas giant (~13 M J) are debated. One school of thought is based on planetary formation; the other, on the physics of the interior of planets.
For example, Venus is approximately 0.33 AU farther out from the Sun than Mercury, whereas Saturn is 4.3 AU out from Jupiter, and Neptune lies 10.5 AU out from Uranus. Attempts have been made to determine a relationship between these orbital distances, like the Titius–Bode law [ 60 ] and Johannes Kepler's model based on the Platonic solids ...
In 1899, William Henry Pickering discovered Phoebe, a highly irregular satellite that does not rotate synchronously with Saturn as the larger moons do. [157] Phoebe was the first such satellite found and it took more than a year to orbit Saturn in a retrograde orbit. During the early 20th century, research on Titan led to the confirmation in ...
By RYAN GORMAN Scientists may have found Planet X -- the long-rumored object believed to be larger than Earth and further from the sun than Pluto. Planet X and another object dubbed "Planet Y ...
Size comparison of Kepler-10c with Earth and Neptune In 2014, new measurements of Kepler-10c found it to be a Neptune-mass planet (17 Earth masses) with a density higher than Earth's, indicating that Kepler-10c is composed mostly of rock with possibly up to 20% high-pressure water ice but without a hydrogen-dominated envelope.