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The genus name Phytophthora comes from the Greek φυτό (phyto), meaning "plant" – plus the Greek φθορά (phthora), meaning "decay, ruin, perish".The species name infestans is the present participle of the Latin verb infestare, meaning "attacking, destroying", from which the word "to infest" is derived.
Calculations have shown that 2 to 5 mg/kg of body weight is the likely toxic dose of glycoalkaloids like solanine in humans, with 3 to 6 mg/kg constituting the fatal dose. [20] Other studies have shown that symptoms of toxicity were observed with consumption of even 1 mg/kg. [11]
After flowering, potato plants produce small green fruits that resemble green cherry tomatoes, each containing about 300 seeds.Like all other parts of the plant except the tubers, the fruit contain the toxic alkaloid solanine and are therefore unsuitable for consumption. [1]
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However, when these commercial varieties turn green, even they can approach solanine concentrations of 1000 mg/kg (1000 ppmw). The U.S. National Toxicology Program suggests that the average American consume no more than 12.5 mg/day of solanine from potatoes (the toxic dose is several times this, depending on body weight). Vitis spp. grape: Vitaceae
Lenape potatoes collected from around Canada were found to contain over 16–35 mg of glycoalkaloids per 100 g of fresh potato compared to 3–18 mg in other varieties. [4] Samples grown at 39 locations around the US had an average of 29 mg per 100 g of potato but ranged from 16–65 mg compared to an average of 8 mg for five other varieties. [ 6 ]
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