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The light excites an electron in the pigment P680 at the core of photosystem II, which is transferred to the primary electron acceptor, pheophytin, leaving behind P680 +. The energy of P680 + is used in two steps to split a water molecule into 2H + + 1/2 O 2 + 2e - ( photolysis or light-splitting ).
The electron transport chain of photosynthesis is often put in a diagram called the Z-scheme, because the redox diagram from P680 to P700 resembles the letter Z. [3] The final product of PSII is plastoquinol, a mobile electron carrier in the membrane. Plastoquinol transfers the electron from PSII to the proton pump, cytochrome b6f. The ultimate ...
Photosystem II (or water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase) is the first protein complex in the light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis. It is located in the thylakoid membrane of plants , algae , and cyanobacteria .
These include the amount of light available, the amount of leaf area a plant has to capture light (shading by other plants is a major limitation of photosynthesis), the rate at which carbon dioxide can be supplied to the chloroplasts to support photosynthesis, the availability of water, and the availability of suitable temperatures for carrying ...
At the reaction center, the electrons on the special chlorophyll molecule will be excited and ultimately transferred away by electron carriers. (If the electrons were not transferred away after excitation to a high energy state, they would lose energy by fluorescence back to the ground state, which would not allow plants to drive photosynthesis.)
A phylloquinone, sometimes called vitamin K 1, [16] is the next early electron acceptor in PSI. It oxidizes A 1 in order to receive the electron and in turn is re-oxidized by F x, from which the electron is passed to F b and F a. [16] [17] The reduction of F x appears to be the rate-limiting step. [15]
Calvin cycle step 1 (black circles represent carbon atoms) Calvin cycle steps 2 and 3 combined. The enzyme RuBisCO catalyses the carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, RuBP, a 5-carbon compound, by carbon dioxide (a total of 6 carbons) in a two-step reaction. [6] The product of the first step is enediol-enzyme complex that can capture CO 2 ...
Electron micrograph of a 2D crystal of the LH1-Reaction center photosynthetic unit. A photosynthetic reaction center is a complex of several proteins, biological pigments, and other co-factors that together execute the primary energy conversion reactions of photosynthesis.
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