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Syringodium filiforme, commonly known as manatee grass, is a species of marine seagrass. It forms meadows in shallow sandy or muddy locations in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, and is also found in the Bahamas and Bermuda. [1] [2] It occurs to a depth of about 20 m (66 ft), and even deeper where water is very clear. [1]
Zostera marina is a flowering vascular plant species as one of many kinds of seagrass, with this species known primarily by the English name of eelgrass with seawrack much less used, and refers to the plant after breaking loose from the submerged wetland soil, and drifting free with ocean current and waves to a coast seashore.
The plant's preferred salinity range is 25 to 38.5 parts per thousand with a temperature range of 20 to 30 °C (68 to 86 °F). It is found from the low-tide mark down to depths of 30 metres (98 ft), depending on water clarity. It often grows in meadows with other seagrasses where it is the climax species. [7]
Typical flow speeds in the ocean are around 0.1 m s −1, generally one to two orders of magnitude weaker than typical atmospheric flows (1–10 m s −1), that can limit dispersal. [52] However, as seawater density is approximately 1000 times greater than air, momentum of a moving mass of water at the same speed is three orders of magnitude ...
Since the late 19th century, over 20% of the global seagrass area has been lost, with seagrass bed loss occurring at a rate of 1.5% each year. [119] Of the 72 global seagrass species, approximately one quarter (15 species) could be considered at a Threatened or Near Threatened status on the IUCN’s Red List of Threatened Species. [120]
Halophila decipiens is a pantropical species being found in tropical regions of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, the Western Atlantic Ocean and European waters. [5] Though often found at depths of less than 30 metres (98 ft) it sometimes occurs as deep as 85 metres (279 ft).
Zostera noltii is a species of seagrass known by the common name dwarf eelgrass.It is found in shallow coastal waters in north western Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Caspian Sea and Aral Sea and on islands in the Atlantic off the coast of northwest Africa.
The seagrass wrasse (Novaculoides macrolepidotus) is a species of wrasse native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. It can be found in lagoons and mangrove forests in seagrass beds or on sandy areas with plentiful algal growth. It occurs at depths from the surface to 10 m (33 ft).