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[1] [2] Authoritarian regimes may be either autocratic or oligarchic and may be based upon the rule of a party or the military. [3] [4] States that have a blurred boundary between democracy and authoritarianism have some times been characterized as "hybrid democracies", "hybrid regimes" or "competitive authoritarian" states. [5] [6] [7]
Pakistani general Pervez Musharraf, called himself "chief executive" after 1999 coup. Jean-Bédel Bokassa would proclaim the Central African Empire in 1976, and in a lavish coronation ceremony the following year, awarded himself the full title of " Emperor of Central Africa by the will of the Central African people, united within the national ...
According to Yale professor Juan José Linz there are three main types of political systems today: democracies, totalitarian regimes and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with hybrid regimes. [2] [3] Another modern classification system includes monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three. [4]
Throughout history, authoritarian leaders have adopted different policies towards religion, from state atheism to drawing support from religion or co-opting religious leaders and institutions. [7] As part of civil society , organized religion serves as a mediator between the state and citizens, even under authoritarian governments. [ 8 ]
Human Rights Watch called attention to Chávez's authoritarian tendencies back in 2008, but many intellectuals on the left were so drawn by his willingness to turn Venezuela into a laboratory for ...
In politics, a strongman is a type of authoritarian political leader—civilian or military—who exerts control through military enforcement and has, or has claimed to have, strong popular support. Strongmen typically claim to have widespread popular support, portray themselves as the only one capable of solving the country's problems, and ...
Like-minded governments and their people were working together to promote free and fair elections, Blinken said, noting safeguarding democracy was a collective effort.
The power structures of dictatorships vary, and different definitions of dictatorship consider different elements of this structure. Political scientists such as Juan José Linz and Samuel P. Huntington identify key attributes that define the power structure of a dictatorship, including a single leader or a small group of leaders, the exercise of power with few limitations, limited political ...