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Nicotinic acid, [a] or niacin, [b] is an organic compound and a vitamer of vitamin B 3, an essential human nutrient. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It is produced by plants and animals from the amino acid tryptophan . [ 6 ]
Carcinoid syndrome thus may produce niacin deficiency and clinical manifestations of pellagra. Anti-tuberculosis medication tends to bind to vitamin B 6 and reduce niacin synthesis, since B 6 (pyridoxine) is a required cofactor in the tryptophan-to-niacin reaction. Several therapeutic drugs can provoke pellagra.
Niacin is obtained in the diet from a variety of whole and processed foods, with highest contents in fortified packaged foods, meat, poultry, red fish such as tuna and salmon, lesser amounts in nuts, legumes and seeds. [1] [3] Niacin as a dietary supplement is used to treat pellagra, a disease caused by niacin deficiency. Signs and symptoms of ...
Niacin deficiency is a consequence of a diet low in both niacin and the amino acid tryptophan, a precursor for the vitamin. Low plasma tryptophan is a non-specific indicator, meaning it can have other causes. The signs and symptoms of niacin deficiency start to revert within days of oral supplementation with large amounts of the vitamin. [23] [24]
Niacin deficiency, along with a deficiency of tryptophan, causes pellagra. Symptoms include aggression, dermatitis , insomnia , weakness , mental confusion, and diarrhea . In advanced cases, pellagra may lead to dementia and death (the 3(+1) D's: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death).
Nicotinamide (INN, BAN UK [2]) or niacinamide (USAN US) is a form of vitamin B 3 found in food and used as a dietary supplement and medication. [3] [4] [5] As a supplement, it is used orally (swallowed by mouth) to prevent and treat pellagra (niacin deficiency). [4]
Niacin is a common vitamin found in many foods, including meat, fish, nuts, grains and cereals, according to the National Institutes of Health. Eating these foods allows most Americans to consume ...
Niacin deficiency. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Redirect page. Jump to navigation Jump to search. Redirect to: Pellagra; Retrieved from "https://en ...