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The curl at a point in the field is represented by a vector whose length and direction denote the magnitude and axis of the maximum circulation. [1] The curl of a field is formally defined as the circulation density at each point of the field. A vector field whose curl is zero is called irrotational.
C: curl, G: gradient, L: Laplacian, CC: curl of curl. Each arrow is labeled with the result of an identity, specifically, the result of applying the operator at the arrow's tail to the operator at its head. The blue circle in the middle means curl of curl exists, whereas the other two red circles (dashed) mean that DD and GG do not exist.
This article uses the standard notation ISO 80000-2, which supersedes ISO 31-11, for spherical coordinates (other sources may reverse the definitions of θ and φ): The polar angle is denoted by θ ∈ [ 0 , π ] {\displaystyle \theta \in [0,\pi ]} : it is the angle between the z -axis and the radial vector connecting the origin to the point in ...
An illustration of Stokes' theorem, with surface Σ, its boundary ∂Σ and the normal vector n.The direction of positive circulation of the bounding contour ∂Σ, and the direction n of positive flux through the surface Σ, are related by a right-hand-rule (i.e., the right hand the fingers circulate along ∂Σ and the thumb is directed along n).
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; Appearance. move to sidebar hide ... Rot (operator) aka Curl, a differential operator in mathematics;
An example of a solenoidal vector field, (,) = (,) In vector calculus a solenoidal vector field (also known as an incompressible vector field, a divergence-free vector field, or a transverse vector field) is a vector field v with divergence zero at all points in the field: =
The two alternative definitions of the Poynting vector are equal in vacuum or in non-magnetic materials, where B = μ 0 H. In all other cases, they differ in that S = (1/ μ 0 ) E × B and the corresponding u are purely radiative, since the dissipation term − J ⋅ E covers the total current, while the E × H definition has contributions from ...
The vector potential admitted by a solenoidal field is not unique. If is a vector potential for , then so is +, where is any continuously differentiable scalar function. . This follows from the fact that the curl of the gradient is ze