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Dementia may occur when neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular pathologies are mixed, as in susceptible elderly people (75 years and older). [2] [5] Cognitive decline can be traced back to occurrence of successive strokes. [4] ICD-11 lists vascular dementia as dementia due to cerebrovascular disease. [1]
Binswanger's disease is a type of subcortical vascular dementia caused by white matter atrophy to the brain. However, white matter atrophy alone is not sufficient for this disease; evidence of subcortical dementia is also necessary. [9]
CAA is associated with brain hemorrhages, particularly microhemorrhages.The accumulation of amyloid beta peptide deposits in the blood vessel walls results in damage of the blood vessels and hindrance of normal blood flow, making blood vessels more prone to bleeding [10] Since CAA can be caused by the same amyloid protein that is associated with Alzheimer's dementia, brain bleeds [11] are more ...
Red softening is one of the three types of cerebral softening. As its name suggests, certain regions of cerebral softening result in a red color. This is due to a hemorrhagic infarct, in which blood flow is restored to an area of the brain that was previously restricted by an embolism. This is termed a "red infarct" or also known as red ...
Brain ischemia has been linked to a variety of diseases or abnormalities. Individuals with sickle cell anemia, compressed blood vessels, ventricular tachycardia, plaque buildup in the arteries, blood clots, extremely low blood pressure as a result of heart attack, and congenital heart defects have a higher predisposition to brain ischemia in comparison to the average population.
Heart problems can increase dementia risk, but a new study suggests that heparin, a common anticoagulant administered via injection, may help delay Alzheimer’s onset.
Diffuse Lewy body disease, dementia due to Lewy body disease: Microscopic image of a Lewy body (adjacent to arrowhead) in a neuron of the substantia nigra; scale bar=20 microns (0.02 mm) Specialty: Neurology, psychiatry: Symptoms: Dementia, abnormal behavior during REM sleep, fluctuations in alertness, visual hallucinations, parkinsonism [1 ...
Muscle biopsy shows ragged red fibers. However, genetic evaluation should be done first, which eliminates the need for muscle biopsy in most cases. Diagnosis may be molecular or clinical: [9] Stroke-like episodes before or after 40 years old; Encephalopathy with seizures or dementia; Blood lactic acidosis* or ragged red fibers on muscle biopsy