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Ice cap climate is the world's coldest climate, and includes the coldest places on Earth. With an average temperature of −55.2 °C (−67.4 °F), Vostok, Antarctica is the coldest place in the world, and has also recorded the lowest temperature, −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F). [ 3 ]
Ice caps accumulate snow on their upper surfaces, and ablate snow on their lower surfaces. [6] An ice cap in equilibrium accumulates and ablates snow at the same rate. The AAR is the ratio between the accumulation area and the total area of the ice cap, which is used to indicate the health of the glacier. [6]
Example of a label showing the amount of niacin (Vitamin B3), and specifying to be niacinamide in the ingredient section.. As flour fortification started adding niacin in the US, the United States Government adopted the terms niacin (a shortened form of "nicotinic acid vitamin") and niacinamide in 1942 as alternate names for nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, respectively, and encouraged their ...
For humans, the efficiency of conversion is estimated as requiring 60 mg of tryptophan to make 1 mg of niacin. Riboflavin , vitamin B 6 and iron are required for the process. [ 20 ] Pellagra is a consequence of a corn-dominant diet because the niacin in corn is poorly bioavailable and corn proteins are low in tryptophan compared to wheat and ...
The Quelccaya ice cap [a] extends up to 17 kilometres (11 mi) from the north to south and between 3 and 5 kilometres (1.9 and 3.1 mi) from east to west. [28] Quelccaya is a low-elevation ice cap that rises above the surrounding terrain; [13] [34] the ice cap lies at 5,200–5,700 metres (17,100–18,700 ft) elevation. [35]
With an area of 7,700 km 2, [3] Vatnajökull is the second largest ice cap in Europe by volume (about 3,000 km 3) [1] and area (after the still larger Severny Island ice cap of Novaya Zemlya, Russia, which is in the extreme northeast of Europe). [1] On 7 June 2008, it became a part of the Vatnajökull National Park. [4]
[1]: 39 The climate is characterized by cold, dry (little drizzly rain), sunny winters in which hoarfrost is common in many years. [ 1 ] : 39 Summers are hot and rainy, coinciding with the rainy season although there is a high frequency of hot, dry days caused by westerly winds.
The Agassiz Ice Cap formerly Agassiz Glacier [1] is an ice cap on the central eastern side of Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. [2] The Agassiz ice cap is about 21,000 km 2 (8,100 sq mi) in area. [2] It is located between the North Ellesmere ice field to the north and the Prince of Wales Icefield to the south.