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Stunted growth, also known as stunting or linear growth failure, is defined as impaired growth and development manifested by low height-for-age. [1] It is often caused by malnutrition and can occur due to endogenous factors (such as chronic food insecurity ) or exogenous factors (such as parasitic infection ).
Krummholz Pinus albicaulis in Wenatchee National Forest Wind-sculpted krummholz trees, Ona Beach, Oregon. Krummholz (German: krumm, "crooked, bent, twisted" and Holz, "wood") — also called knieholz ("knee timber") — is a type of stunted, deformed vegetation encountered in the subarctic and subalpine tree line landscapes, shaped by continual exposure to fierce, freezing winds.
Tufted or turf-like, e.g. the growth form of some grasses and sedges. calcarate possessing a spur. calcareous A soil type or a lichen substrate rock type that is rich in or largely composed of calcium carbonate. calceolate Shaped like a slipper. [25] calcicole A plant which thrives in calcareous soil. Also calciphile, calciphyte. Antonym ...
Stunted growth not caused by infection may be due to a wide variety of environmental factors. Environmental factors that affect plant growth include light, temperature, water, humidity and nutrition. There may be water imbalance, poor planting practices, poor nutrition, or physical injury to the plant.
Yellowing of the plant and yellow-brown roots often occurs. This disease is either fatal or causes severe damage to the host with the bacteria leading to stunted growth. [2] C. insidiosus needs to be cultured from the infected plant tissues and PCR-tests must be run to confirm a diagnosis. [2]
Discoloration usually manifests as yellow or grey mottling that can form a spotted, mosaic, or streak pattern. Misshapen leaves can be the result of damage to the plants at a cellular level, making them appear contorted and/or twisted. The stunted growth can cause a tremendous amount of crop loss due to lower than normal yields.
Calcium deficiency symptoms appear initially as localized tissue necrosis leading to stunted plant growth, necrotic leaf margins on young leaves or curling of the leaves, and eventual death of terminal buds and root tips. Generally, the new growth and rapidly growing tissues of the plant are affected first.
Synonyms; Ostenfeldiella Ferdinandsen & Winge 1914; Plasmodiophora is a genus in class Phytomyxea. [1] It includes the species Plasmodiophora brassicae, which causes ...