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The ancient history of Afghanistan, also referred to as the pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan, dates back to the prehistoric era and the Helmand civilization around 3300–2350 BCE. Archaeological exploration began in Afghanistan in earnest after World War II and proceeded until the late 1970s during the Soviet–Afghan War .
Following the Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919, Afghanistan became free of foreign political hegemony, and emerged as the independent Kingdom of Afghanistan in June 1926 under Amanullah Khan. This monarchy lasted almost half a century, until Zahir Shah was overthrown in 1973 , following which the Republic of Afghanistan was established.
Map of Europe based on Strabo's geography, showing the Cassiterides just off the northwest tip of Iberia By classical Greek times, the tin sources were well established. Greece and the Western Mediterranean appear to have traded their tin from European sources, while the Middle East acquired their tin from Central Asian sources through the Silk ...
Afghanistan is famous for its rich cultural and religious history. As a result of the country’s position on the Silk Road, Afghanistan has been home to many communities from all around Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. [1] It is a country that can date its human activity back to the Palaeolithic period (c. 30,000 BCE).
Afghanistan becomes part of the Seleucid Empire after the death of Alexander III and breakup of the Macedonian Empire. 305-303 BCE: The Hindu Kush, Gandhara, Arachosia (centered around ancient Kandahar) and areas south of Bagram become part of the Maurya Empire after Chandragupta Maurya defeats Seleucus I in the Seleucid–Mauryan war.
The Treasure of Begram or Begram Hoard is a group of artifacts from the 1st-2nd century CE discovered in the area of Begram, Afghanistan.The French Archaeological Delegation in Afghanistan (DAFA) conducted excavations at the site between 1936 and 1940, uncovering two walled-up strongrooms, Room 10 and Room 13.
Afghanistan, [e] officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, [f] is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia.It is bordered by Pakistan to the east and south, [g] Iran to the west, Turkmenistan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, Tajikistan to the northeast, and China to the northeast and east.
Indus Valley civilisation: 2200–1800 BC: Oxus civilization: 2100–1800 BC: Gandhara kingdom: 1500–535 BC: Median Empire: 728–550 BC: Achaemenid Empire