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The basic operations on a deque are enqueue and dequeue on either end. Also generally implemented are peek operations, which return the value at that end without dequeuing it. Names vary between languages; major implementations include:
In computer science, peek is an operation on certain abstract data types, specifically sequential collections such as stacks and queues, which returns the value of the top ("front") of the collection without removing the element from the collection. It thus returns the same value as operations such as "pop" or "dequeue", but does not modify the ...
For example, Perl and Ruby allow pushing and popping an array from both ends, so one can use push and shift functions to enqueue and dequeue a list (or, in reverse, one can use unshift and pop), [2] although in some cases these operations are not efficient. C++'s Standard Template Library provides a "queue" templated class which is restricted ...
[4] For applications that do many "peek" operations for every "extract-min" operation, the time complexity for peek actions can be reduced to O(1) in all tree and heap implementations by caching the highest priority element after every insertion and removal. For insertion, this adds at most a constant cost, since the newly inserted element is ...
The address and value parameters may contain expressions, as long as the evaluated expressions correspond to valid memory addresses or values, respectively.A valid address in this context is an address within the computer's address space, while a valid value is (typically) an unsigned value between zero and the maximum unsigned number that the minimum addressable unit (memory cell) may hold.
The following containers are defined in the current revision of the C++ standard: array, vector, list, forward_list, deque. Each of these containers implements different algorithms for data storage, which means that they have different speed guarantees for different operations: [1] array implements a compile-time non-resizable array.
The Abstraction interface (operation()) is implemented in terms of (by delegating to) the Implementor interface (imp.operationImp()). The UML sequence diagram shows the run-time interactions: The Abstraction1 object delegates implementation to the Implementor1 object (by calling operationImp() on Implementor1 ), which performs the operation and ...
Example of a complete binary max-heap Example of a complete binary min heap. A binary heap is a heap data structure that takes the form of a binary tree. Binary heaps are a common way of implementing priority queues. [1]: 162–163 The binary heap was introduced by J. W. J. Williams in 1964 as a data structure for implementing heapsort. [2]