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Mahavira (Devanagari: महावीर, Mahāvīra), also known as Vardhamana (Devanagari: वर्धमान, Vardhamāna), was the 24th Tirthankara (Supreme Preacher) of Jainism. He was the spiritual successor of the 23rd Tirthankara Parshvanatha . [ 12 ]
He was named Vardhamana, meaning "One who grows", because of the increased prosperity in the kingdom at the time of his birth. [5] In Vasokund, Mahavira is revered by the villagers. A place called Ahalya bhumi has not been ploughed for hundreds of years by the family that owns it, as it is considered to be the birthplace of Mahavira. [4]
As per Shvetambara texts and Indologist Hermann Jacobi, Vardhamana Mahavira's mother Trishala was sister of Consul Chetaka. [4] His third wife, Kshema, was a daughter of the chief of the Madra tribe of Punjab. [6]
Siddhartha was the father of Mahavira (Vardhamana), the 24th Jain Tirthankara. He was a Kshatriya ruler from the Ikshvaku dynasty [2] and the Gaṇa Mukhya of the Nāya clan in Kundagrama, a suburb of Vaishali. He was married to Licchavi princess Trishala (sister of Chetaka of Vaishali). [1]
Vardhamana Mahavira, the 24th and the last Tirthankara of Jainism, was born in Vaishali around sixth century B.C. [1] His father was Kshatriya from Ikshvaku Dynasty chief of Kundalpur which has been identified with modern-day Nalanda district. [2] Mahavir achieved nirvana in Pawapuri which is today a pilgrimage site for Jains from across the ...
[14] [15] [16] It is speculated by some scholars that Jain traditions might go back even beyond the Indus Valley Civilization, and that Vardhamana, rather than being a "founder" per se, was simply a leader and reviver of a much older tradition. [17] [a] [19]
Image of Vardhamana Mahavira, the 24th and last Tirthankara (Photo:Samanar Hills) The word Tīrthaṅkara signifies the founder of a tirtha which means a fordable passage across a sea. The Tirthankara show the "fordable path" across the sea of interminable births and deaths. [9]
Kharatara Gaccha was founded by Vardhamana Sūri [2] (till 1031 CE). His pupil, Jineshvara (the author of Nivvāṇalīlāvaīkahā), got honorary title 'Kharatara' (Sharp witted or Fierce) because he defeated Suracharya, leader of Chaityavasis in public debate in 1024 CE at Anahilvada Patan. So the Gaccha also got his title. [2]