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Traction current lines are not usually laid parallel to the railway line, so as to minimise the line length and to avoid unnecessary influences of electrical system near the railway line. However, there are cases where this practice is not followed (for example, the current supply of some rapid-transit railways operating with alternating ...
Amtrak’s 60 Hz traction power system operates along the Northeast Corridor between New Haven, Connecticut, [note 1] and Boston, Massachusetts. This system was built by Amtrak in the late 1990s and supplies locomotives with power from an overhead catenary system at 25 kV alternating current with at 60 Hz, the standard frequency in North America.
Black Mesa and Lake Powell Railroad: First line to use 50 kV electrification when it opened in 1973. This was an isolated coal-hauling short line; no longer in use. 60 Hz United States: Utah: Deseret Power Railroad: Formerly Deseret Western Railway. This is an isolated coal-hauling short line.
The generic term used by the International Union of Railways for the technology is overhead line. [1] It is known variously as overhead catenary, overhead contact line (OCL), overhead contact system (OCS), overhead equipment (OHE), overhead line equipment (OLE or OHLE), overhead lines (OHL), overhead wiring (OHW), traction wire, and trolley wire.
Railway electrification is the development of powering trains and locomotives using electricity instead of diesel or steam power.The history of railway electrification dates back to the late 19th century when the first electric tramways were introduced in cities like Berlin, London, and New York City.
Use of 60 Hz allows direct supply from the 60 Hz utility grid yet does not require the larger wire clearance for 25 kV 60 Hz or require dual-voltage capability for trains also operating on 11 kV 25 Hz lines. Examples are: Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line from Pelham, NY to New Haven, CT (Since 1985; previously 11 kV 25 Hz).
Railroad beds, like road beds, are designed to drain water away from the tracks, so there is usually a bed of rock and gravel resulting in fast drainage away from the tracks. At the same time, this drainage often accumulates in areas fairly near the tracks where drainage is poor, forming small artificial wetlands.
Astronomical masers remain an active field of research in radio astronomy and laboratory astrophysics due, in part, to the fact that they are valuable diagnostic tools for astrophysical environments which may otherwise elude rigorous quantitative study and because they may facilitate the study of conditions which are inaccessible in terrestrial ...