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During China's First Five-Year Plan period (1953-1957), agriculture, including water conservancy, accounted for only 4% of the government's investment budget. [7]: 98–100 Leading into the Great Leap Forward, China experienced a population boom that strained its food supply, despite rising agricultural yields.
During the early and middle 1950s, collectivization was an important factor in the major change in Chinese agriculture during that period, the dramatic increase in irrigated land. [ 35 ] : 111 For example, collectivization was a factor that contributed to the introduction of double cropping in the south, a labor-intensive process which greatly ...
The failure of agricultural policies, the movement of farmers from agricultural to industrial work, and weather conditions suppressed the food supply. At the same time improvements in medicine, [ 61 ] infant mortality, [ 62 ] and average life expectancy [ 62 ] promoted by the Patriotic Health Campaign led to a greatly increased need for food.
GDP per capita in China (1913–1950) After the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1912, China underwent a period of instability and disrupted economic activity. During the Nanjing decade (1927–1937), China advanced in a number of industrial sectors, in particular those related to the military, in an effort to catch up with the west and prepare for war with Japan.
Finally, in most of the Party's thinking, an agricultural cooperative, being much larger than an individual farm plot, would require industrialized agriculture methods. [30] Since China's industrial capacity was so low, and Soviet aid in industrialization would be insufficient to make up the difference, many party members thought that the ...
One important motivator of increased international trade was China's inclusion in the World Trade Organization (WTO) on December 11, 2001, leading to reduced or eliminated tariffs on much of China's agricultural exports. Due to the resulting opening of international markets to Chinese agriculture, by 2004 the value of China's agricultural ...
Economists then considered Chinese agricultural policy implementation to be a success relative to the Soviet Union's collectivization in 1929. [18] However, China's agricultural output started to decrease significantly for three years in a row in 1959. [18] The agricultural crisis led to 9 million deaths by the famine. [18]
The Rural Reconstruction Movement was started in China in the 1920s by Y.C. James Yen, Liang Shuming and others to revive the Chinese village.They strove for a middle way, independent of the Nationalist government but in competition with the radical revolutionary approach to the village espoused by Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party.