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The Munich Agreement [a] was an agreement reached in Munich on 30 September 1938, by Nazi Germany, the United Kingdom, the French Republic, and Fascist Italy.The agreement provided for the German annexation of part of Czechoslovakia called the Sudetenland, where more than three million people, mainly ethnic Germans, lived. [1]
A Total and Unmitigated Defeat was a speech by Winston Churchill in the House of Commons at Westminster on Wednesday, 5 October 1938, the third day of the Munich Agreement debate. Signed five days earlier by Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain , the agreement met the demands of Nazi Germany in respect of the Czechoslovak region of Sudetenland .
Germany remilitarized the Rhineland, formed an alliance with Mussolini's Italy, sent massive military aid to Franco in the Spanish Civil War, annexed Austria, took over Czechoslovakia after the British and French appeasement of the Munich Agreement, formed a peace pact with Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union, and
Monty Python's 1969 The Funniest Joke in the World sketch references "Britain's pre-war joke" and shows an image of Chamberlain holding up the Munich Agreement paper. In the 2015 Marvel Cinematic Universe film Avengers: Age of Ultron , Tony Stark uses the phrase "Peace in our time" after creating the eponymous and seemingly benevolent ...
The presidents who challenged the "tyranny of Munich" have often achieved policy breakthroughs and those who had cited Munich as a principle of US foreign policy had often led the nation into its "most enduring tragedies." [8] [full citation needed] Many later crises were accompanied by cries of "Munich" from politicians and the media.
[4]: 229–232 [8] [c] To achieve unity and full sovereignty, both German states were willing to accept the terms of the Potsdam Agreement that affected Germany. [4] On 31 August 1990, the FRG and GDR signed the Unification Treaty, which describes the manner and specifics of the GDR's accession to the Federal Republic.
Initials on the Four-Power Pact, from Francesco Salata's Il patto Mussolini. The Four-Power Pact, also known as the Quadripartite Agreement, was an international treaty between the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Nazi Germany that was initialed on 7 June 1933 and signed on 15 July 1933 in the Palazzo Venezia, Rome.
Fourteen major nations were the first to sign the Kellogg-Briand Pact in Paris in 1928. The Kellogg–Briand Pact of 1928 resulted from a proposal drafted by the United States and France that, in effect, outlawed war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them".