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Extracted humic acid not a single acid; rather, it is a complex mixture of many different acids containing carboxyl and phenolate groups so that the mixture behaves functionally as a dibasic acid or, occasionally, as a tribasic acid. Commercial humic acid used to amend soil is manufactured using these same well established procedures.
Dystrophic lakes, also known as humic lakes, are lakes that contain high amounts of humic substances and organic acids. [1] The presence of these substances causes the water to be brown in colour and have a generally low pH of around 4.0-6.0. [ 2 ]
The International Humic Substances Society maintains a collection of standard and reference samples of humic and fulvic acids extracted and fractionated from leonardite, river water, a mineral soil, and peat, plus natural organic matter isolated from river water by reverse osmosis, [4] without fractionation. [5]
The organic components can be subdivided into fractions that are soluble, largely humic acids, and insoluble, the humins. Humins make up about 50% of the organic matter in soil. Humins make up about 50% of the organic matter in soil.
It is used to condition soils either by applying it directly to the land, or by providing a source of humic acid or potassium humate for application. The carbon geosequestration potential of Leonardite, particularly to rapidly accelerate microbial action to lock up and retain carbon in soils, provides the basis for extensive research in Victoria on the organic fertilising aspect of brown coal.
These disinfectants may react with naturally present fulvic and humic acids, amino acids, and other natural organic matter, as well as iodide and bromide ions, to produce a range of DBPs such as the trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), bromate, and chlorite (which are regulated in the US), and so-called "emerging" DBPs such as ...
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Apparently "humic substance" is a relatively rarely used term and concept, which refers to compounds present in untreated humus; whereas "humic acid", "fulvic acid" and "humin" are not "humic substances", but compounds derived from humus by chemical treatment. While "humic acid" and "fulvic acid" have indefinite chemical composition, they are ...