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In fusion power research, the Z-pinch (zeta pinch) is a type of plasma confinement system that uses an electric current in the plasma to generate a magnetic field that compresses it (see pinch). These systems were originally referred to simply as pinch or Bennett pinch (after Willard Harrison Bennett ), but the introduction of the θ-pinch ...
Hybrid nuclear fusion–fission (hybrid nuclear power) is a proposed means of generating power by use of a combination of nuclear fusion and fission processes. The basic idea is to use high-energy fast neutrons from a fusion reactor to trigger fission in non-fissile fuels like U-238 or Th-232. Each neutron can trigger several fission events ...
The CAEP headquarters, since the 1980s, is in the 839 area of Mianyang and covers a land area of 5 km 2. It is also nicknamed Scientific Town. It has multiple outlets located in Beijing, Jiangyou, Mianyang, Chengdu, and Shanghai. [2] Since the 1990s, the CAEP has included 12 research institutes and 15 national key laboratories.
The first successful man-made fusion device was the boosted fission weapon tested in 1951 in the Greenhouse Item test. The first true fusion weapon was 1952's Ivy Mike, and the first practical example was 1954's Castle Bravo. In these devices, the energy released by a fission explosion compresses and heats the fuel, starting a fusion reaction.
The China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor is planned in Hefei, Anhui province. Some critical issues are still yet to be resolved, this includes 19 key system problems such as vertical instability control with internal coils, impurity control, alpha particle transport, disruption avoidance and mitigation, type-I ELM control and avoidance ...
Pinches were the first method for human-made controlled fusion. [36] [37] The z-pinch has inherent instabilities that limit its compression and heating to values too low for practical fusion. The largest such machine, the UK's ZETA, was the last major experiment of the sort. The problems in z-pinch led to the tokamak design.
One uses neutrons provided by a nuclear fusion machine, a concept known as a fusion–fission hybrid. The other uses neutrons created through spallation of heavy nuclei by charged particles such as protons accelerated by a particle accelerator , a concept known as an accelerator-driven system (ADS) or accelerator-driven sub-critical reactor .
When the LIFE project was first proposed, it focused on the nuclear fusion–fission hybrid concept, which uses the fast neutrons from the fusion reactions to induce fission in fertile nuclear materials. [17] The hybrid concept was designed to generate power from both fertile and fissile nuclear fuel and to burn nuclear waste.