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Greywacke or graywacke (German grauwacke, signifying a grey, earthy rock) is a variety of sandstone generally characterized by its hardness (6–7 on Mohs scale), dark color, and poorly sorted angular grains of quartz, feldspar, and small rock fragments or sand-size lithic fragments set in a compact, clay-fine matrix.
Phyllite Photomicrograph of thin section of phyllite (in cross polarised light) Fractured Duke stone showing phyllitic texture Phyllite. Phyllite (/ ˈ f ɪ l aɪ t / FIL-yte) is a type of foliated metamorphic rock formed from slate that is further metamorphosed so that very fine grained white mica achieves a preferred orientation. [1]
Greywacke – Sandstone with angular grains in a clay-fine matrix; Gritstone – Hard, coarse-grained, siliceous sandstone; Ironstone – Sedimentary rock that contains a substantial proportion of iron ore; Itacolumite – Porous sandstone known for flexibility; Jaspillite – Banded mixture of hematite and quartz
Top image is in plane polarized light (PPL); bottom image is in cross polarized light (XPL). Blue epoxy fills pore spaces. Photomicrograph of a volcanic sand grain; upper picture is plane-polarized light, bottom picture is cross-polarized light, scale box at left-center is 0.25 millimeter. This type of grain is a main component of a lithic ...
The grey and white crystals are quartz and (limited) feldspar. Metamorphism is the transformation of existing rock (the protolith ) to rock with a different mineral composition or texture . Metamorphism takes place at temperatures in excess of 150 °C (300 °F), and often also at elevated pressure or in the presence of chemically active fluids ...
The Franciscan Complex is an assemblage of metamorphosed and deformed rocks, associated with east-dipping subduction zone at the western coast of North America. [6] Although most of the Franciscan is Early/Late Jurassic through Cretaceous in age (150-66 Ma), [ 7 ] some Franciscan rocks are as old as early Jurassic (180-190 Ma) age and as young ...
Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock to new types of rock in a process called metamorphism. The original rock ( protolith ) is subjected to temperatures greater than 150 to 200 °C (300 to 400 °F) and, often, elevated pressure of 100 megapascals (1,000 bar ) or more, causing profound physical or chemical changes.
Quartzite can have a grainy, glassy, sandpaper-like surface. Quartzite is a hard, non-foliated metamorphic rock which was originally pure quartz sandstone. [1] [2] Sandstone is converted into quartzite through heating and pressure usually related to tectonic compression within orogenic belts.
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