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The politics of Afghanistan are based on a totalitarian emirate within the Islamic theocracy in which the Taliban Movement holds a monopoly on power. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Dissent is not permitted, and politics are mostly limited to internal Taliban policy debates and power struggles.
The supreme leader of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan is the head-of-state, commander-in-chief, and religious leader of Afghanistan. [4] These responsibilities include appointing and dismissing the cabinet, judiciary, armed forces general staff, [5] and provincial and municipal governments, issuing decrees, special instructions, and orders regulating the operations of those mentioned above.
Political parties are banned in Afghanistan under the current Taliban government. Previously, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan had a multi-party system in development with numerous political parties, in which no one party often had a chance of gaining power alone, and parties had to work with each other to form coalition governments.
In 1949, Afghan Prime Minister Shah Mahmud Khan allowed relatively free national assembly elections, and the resulting seventh Afghan Parliament (1949–1951), which has become known as the "Liberal Parliament", gave voice to criticism of the government and traditional institutions, allowed opposition political groups to come to life, and enacted some liberal reforms, including laws providing ...
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Political parties in Afghanistan are in flux and many prominent players have plans to create new ones. Some of the political parties in Afghanistan are as follow: Afghan Social Democratic Party (Afghan Mellat) Hezbi Islami; Jamiat-e Islami; National Islamic Front (Hezb-e-Mahaz-e-Mili Islami) Islamic Dawah Organization (Tanzim Dawat-e-Islami)
The political assassination of prominent communist and member of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) Mir Akbar Khyber by the government in 1978 by the government sparked fears amongst the communist opposition of Daoud's intentions. As a result, on 28 April 1978, the PDPA overthrew Daoud's government in the Saur Revolution. [2]
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