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(Keep in mind: In some places, the ordering of tests has become flipped: Women have an HPV test first, and if the result is positive, then they have a Pap smear, says Katzenellenbogen.)
Co-testing with a Pap test and HPV test is recommended because it decreases the rate of false-negatives. According to the National Cancer Institute, "The most common test detects DNA from several high-risk HPV types, but it cannot identify the types that are present. Another test is specific for DNA from HPV types 16 and 18, the two types that ...
The Papanicolaou test (abbreviated as Pap test, also known as Pap smear (AE), [1] cervical smear (BE), cervical screening (BE), [2] or smear test (BE)) is a method of cervical screening used to detect potentially precancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix (opening of the uterus or womb) or, more rarely, anus (in both men and women). [3]
ThinPrep pap smear with group of normal cervical cells on left and HPV-infected cells showing features typical of koilocytes: enlarged (x2 or x3) nuclei and hyperchromasia. A koilocyte is a squamous epithelial cell that has undergone a number of structural changes, which occur as a result of infection of the cell by human papillomavirus (HPV). [1]
If you get an abnormal result from your pap test, don’t panic: “Many women have abnormal cervical cancer screening results and an abnormal result does not mean that you have cancer ...
The Pap test can be used as a screening test, but produces a false negative in up to 50% of cases of cervical cancer. [ 56 ] [ 57 ] Other concerns is the cost of doing Pap tests, which make them unaffordable in many areas of the world.
The two screening methods available are the Pap smear and testing for HPV. CIN is usually discovered by a screening test, the Pap smear. The purpose of this test is to detect potentially precancerous changes through random sampling of the transformation zone. Pap smear results may be reported using the Bethesda system (see above).
The most common investigation in this field is the Pap test, which is used to screen for potentially precancerous lesions of the cervix. Cytology can also be used to investigate disorders of the ovaries, uterus, vagina and vulva. Gynaecologic cytology makes frequent use of the Bethesda system in order to grade the results of HPV testing. [2]