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Polygenic traits are traits that are controlled by multiple genes instead of just one. The genes that control them may be located near each other or even on separate chromosomes. Because multiple genes are involved, polygenic traits do not follow Mendel’s pattern of inheritance.
Polygenic inheritance, also known as quantitative inheritance, refers to a single inherited phenotypic trait that is controlled by two or more different genes.
Unlike traits governed by single genes, polygenic traits result from the interaction of multiple genes, leading to a continuous range of phenotypic expressions. This section examines polygenic inheritance with examples from wheat kernel color and tobacco corolla length.
Polygenic traits have many possible phenotypes (physical characteristics) that are determined by interactions among several alleles. Examples of polygenic inheritance in humans include traits such as skin color, eye color, hair color, body shape, height, and weight.
A polygenic trait is a characteristic, such as height or skin color, that is influenced by two or more genes. Because multiple genes are involved, polygenic traits do not follow the patterns of Mendelian inheritance.
Polygenic traits are the characteristics of an organism that are due to more than one gene. Simple Mendelian inheritance is valid for a single gene, but most traits are caused by the influence of many genes. Polygenic traits can vary continuously and may also be influenced by environmental factors.
What are polygenic inheritance examples? Human phenotypes or human physical traits such as hair color, height, skin color, blood pressure, intelligence, autism, and longevity are some of the examples of polygenic inheritance.
In humans, height, skin color, hair color, and eye color are examples of polygenic traits. Type-2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, cancer, and arthritis are also deemed polygenic. However, these conditions are not just genetic since polygenes can be influenced by environmental factors.
Monogenic traits are traits like face freckles or a cleft chin, which result from the product of a single gene. Polygenic traits are traits such as height or eye color that result from the product of multiple genes.
Most of the phenotypic traits commonly used in introductory genetics are qualitative. This means the phenotype exists in only two (or possibly a few more) discrete, alternative forms, such as purple or white flowers, or red or white eyes. These qualitative traits are therefore said to exhibit discrete variation.