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Macrocytosis is a condition where red blood cells are larger than normal. [1] These enlarged cells, also known as macrocytes, are defined by a mean corpuscular volume (MCV) that exceeds the upper reference range established by the laboratory and hematology analyzer (usually >110 fL). [2] Upon examination of a peripheral blood smear under ...
Other disorders which cause macrocytosis without DNA replication problems (i.e., non-megaloblastic macrocytic anemias), are disorders associated with increased red cell membrane surface area, such as pathologies of the liver and spleen which produce codocytes or "target cells" which have a central collection of hemoglobin surrounded by a pallor (a thin area) then followed by a thicker ...
Megaloblastic anemia is a type of macrocytic anemia. An anemia is a red blood cell defect that can lead to an undersupply of oxygen. [1] Megaloblastic anemia results from inhibition of DNA synthesis during red blood cell production. [2] When DNA synthesis is impaired, the cell cycle cannot progress from the G2 growth stage to the mitosis (M) stage.
Alcoholism commonly causes a macrocytosis, although not specifically anemia. Other types of liver disease can also cause macrocytosis. Drugs such as methotrexate, zidovudine, and other substances may inhibit DNA replication such as heavy metals; Macrocytic anemia can be further divided into "megaloblastic anemia" or "nonmegaloblastic macrocytic ...
Spherocytosis is the presence of spherocytes in the blood, i.e. erythrocytes (red blood cells) that are sphere-shaped rather than bi-concave disk shaped as normal. Spherocytes are found in all hemolytic anemias to some degree. Hereditary spherocytosis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia are characterized by having only spherocytes.
Hemolytic anemia or haemolytic anaemia is a form of anemia due to hemolysis, the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs), either in the blood vessels (intravascular hemolysis) or elsewhere in the human body (extravascular). [2] This most commonly occurs within the spleen, but also can occur in the reticuloendothelial system or mechanically ...
Macroovalocyte. Macroovalocytes are enlarged, oval-shaped erythrocytes (red blood cells). They are not seen in healthy blood, and are most commonly seen in megaloblastic anemia. [1] In most instances, the macroovalocyte morphology is due to megaloblastic erythropoiesis (Vitamin B-12 or folate deficiency) but may be seen with dyserythropoiesis.
Diamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a congenital erythroid aplasia that usually presents in infancy. [3] DBA causes low red blood cell counts (anemia), without substantially affecting the other blood components (the platelets and the white blood cells), which are usually normal. This is in contrast to Shwachman–Bodian–Diamond syndrome, in ...