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The countries of Central Asia did not liberalize after the fall of the Soviet Union, instead forming as dictatorships led by former elites of the Communist Party and then later by successive dictators. These countries maintain parliaments and human rights organizations, but these remain under the control of the countries' respective dictators ...
Democracies and dictatorships in 2008 [1] Democracies and dictatorships in 1988 [1]. Democracy-Dictatorship (DD), [1] index of democracy and dictatorship [2] or simply the DD index [3] or the DD datasets was the binary measure of democracy and dictatorship first proposed by Adam Przeworski et al. (2010), and further developed and maintained by Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2009). [4]
Soviet Union. According to Encyclopedia Britannica, the early Soviet Union was a "modern example" of a totalitarian state. [2] Britannica says it was "the first examples of decentralized or popular totalitarianism, in which the state achieved overwhelming popular support for its leadership". This contrasted with earlier totalitarian states that ...
List of countries by system of government. Note: this chart represents de jure systems of government, not the de facto degree of democracy. This is a list of sovereign states by constitutionally-defined de jure system of government. This list does not measure the degree of democracy, political corruption, or state capacity of governments.
t. e. A military dictatorship, or a military regime, is a type of dictatorship in which power is held by one or more military officers. Military dictatorships are led by either a single military dictator, known as a strongman, or by a council of military officers known as a military junta. They are most often formed by military coups or by the ...
In the latter half of the 19th century, the U.S. government initiated actions for regime change mainly in Latin America and the southwest Pacific, including the Spanish–American and Philippine–American wars. At the onset of the 20th century, the United States shaped or installed governments in many countries around the world, including ...
Fascism. Fascist movements in Europe were the set of various fascist ideologies which were practiced by governments and political organizations in Europe during the 20th century. Fascism was born in Italy following World War I, and other fascist movements, influenced by Italian Fascism, subsequently emerged across Europe.
Three former sovereign states had a female head of state or government in the 20th century: East Germany, Tannu Tuva and Yugoslavia. The following is a list of women who have been elected or appointed head of state or government of their respective countries since the interwar period (1918–1939). The first list includes female presidents who ...