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A metaphase cell positive for the bcr/abl rearrangement (associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia) using FISH. The chromosomes can be seen in blue. The chromosome that is labeled with green and red spots (upper left) is the one where the rearrangement is present. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a molecular cytogenetic technique ...
A karyotype is the general appearance of the complete set of chromosomes in the cells of a species or in an individual organism, mainly including their sizes, numbers, and shapes. [ 1 ][ 2 ]Karyotyping is the process by which a karyotype is discerned by determining the chromosome complement of an individual, including the number of chromosomes ...
Q-FISH. Quantitative Fluorescent in situ hybridization (Q-FISH) is a cytogenetic technique based on the traditional FISH methodology. In Q-FISH, the technique uses labelled (Cy3 or FITC) synthetic DNA mimics called peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligonucleotides to quantify target sequences in chromosomal DNA using fluorescent microscopy and ...
Fluorescence and confocal microscopes operating principle. A fluorescence microscope is an optical microscope that uses fluorescence instead of, or in addition to, scattering, reflection, and attenuation or absorption, to study the properties of organic or inorganic substances. [ 1 ][ 2 ] "Fluorescence microscope" refers to any microscope that ...
Zebrafish. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a freshwater fish belonging to the minnow family (Cyprinidae) of the order Cypriniformes. Native to India [2] and South Asia, it is a popular aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio[3] (and thus often called a "tropical fish" although it is both tropical and subtropical).
Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) is a cytogenetic technique that combines the chromogenic signal detection method of immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques with in situ hybridization. [ 1 ][ 2 ] It was developed around the year 2000 as an alternative to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for detection of HER-2/neu oncogene ...
Masson's trichrome is a three-colour staining procedure used in histology. The recipes emerged from Claude L. Pierre Masson 's (1880–1959) original formulation have different specific applications, but all are suited for distinguishing cells from surrounding connective tissue. Most recipes produce red keratin and muscle fibers, blue or green ...
Immunofluorescence is a widely used example of immunostaining (using antibodies to stain proteins) and is a specific example of immunohistochemistry (the use of the antibody-antigen relationship in tissues). This technique primarily utilizes fluorophores to visualize the location of the antibodies, while others provoke a color change in the ...