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A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects a part of the urinary tract. [1] Lower urinary tract infections may involve the bladder ( cystitis ) or urethra ( urethritis ) while upper urinary tract infections affect the kidney ( pyelonephritis ). [ 10 ]
Urinary tract infection in pediatric patients is a significant clinical issue, affecting approximately 7% of fevered infants and children. [43] If left untreated, the infection can ascend from the bladder to the kidneys, resulting in acute pyelonephritis, which leads to hypertension , kidney scarring , and end-stage kidney disease .
This leads to infection in the bladder, kidneys, and other organs connected to the urinary tract. [ 4 ] CAUTI can lead to complications such as prostatitis , epididymitis , and orchitis in men, and cystitis, pyelonephritis , gram-negative bacteremia , endocarditis , vertebral osteomyelitis , septic arthritis , endophthalmitis , and meningitis ...
Nosocomial infections can cause severe pneumonia and infections of the urinary tract, bloodstream and other parts of the body. [9] [10] Many types display antimicrobial resistance, which can complicate treatment. [11] In the UK about 300,000 patients were affected in 2017, and this was estimated to cost the NHS about £1 billion a year. [12]
Risk of infection is a nursing diagnosis which is defined as the state in which an individual is at risk to be infected by an opportunistic or pathogenic agent (e.g., viruses, fungi, bacteria, protozoa, or other parasites) from endogenous or exogenous sources. [1] The diagnosis was approved by NANDA in 1986. Although anyone can become infected ...
A negative dipstick test does not exclude bacteriuria, as not all bacteria which can colonise the urinary tract are nitrate-reducing. The leukocyte esterase test indirectly detects the presence of leukocytes (white blood cells) in urine which can be associated with a urinary tract infection. In the elderly, the leukocyte esterase test is often ...
Determining the presence of a hospital acquired infection requires an infection control practitioner (ICP) to review a patient's chart and see if the patient had the signs and symptom of an infection. Surveillance definitions exist for infections of the bloodstream, urinary tract, pneumonia, surgical sites and gastroenteritis. [citation needed]
Purple urine bag syndrome is an asymptomatic condition, however, symptoms of urinary tract infections may be similar to those of purple urine bag syndrome. Some signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection may include abdominal pain, pain during urination, fever or chills, nausea or vomiting, and an increased frequency of urination. [10]