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Drusen, from the German word for node or geode (singular, "Druse"), are tiny yellow or white accumulations of extracellular material that build up between Bruch's membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium of the eye. The presence of a few small ("hard") drusen is normal with advancing age, and most people over 40 have some hard drusen. [1]
In children, optic disc drusen are usually buried and undetectable by fundoscopy except for a mild or moderate elevation of the optic disc. With age, the overlying axons become atrophied and the drusen become exposed and more visible. They may become apparent with an ophthalmoscope and some visual field loss at the end of adolescence. [7]
AMD can be divided into 3 stages: early, intermediate, and late, based partially on the extent (size and number) of drusen. [ 1 ] AMD-like pathology begins with small yellow deposits (drusen) in the macula, between the retinal pigment epithelium and the underlying choroid.
Labeled as "ex-burbs," these areas are usually 40-60 miles away from major metropolitan cities and can offer more peaceful ways of life and "affordable housing" options.
Choroidal nevus with drusen can be considered as a sign of chronicity since drusen take years to develop and appear. [14] Drusen are composed of lipids and can actually be an indicator that a tumour is a benign nevus as opposed to a cancerous melanoma. [15] In nevi imaged by OCT, about 41% are found to have drusen. [16]
Worrying About Cognitive Decline Can Accelerate It, According to Study The research in question comes from a 2024 study in Aging & Mental Health . Basically, the researchers gave an online survey ...
While many cases go unreported, "the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 48 million people – about 1 in 6 Americans – get sick from foodborne illnesses each ...
Geographic atrophy (GA), also known as atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or advanced dry AMD, is an advanced form of age-related macular degeneration that can result in the progressive and irreversible loss of retinal tissue (photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, choriocapillaris) which can lead to a loss of visual function over time.