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The Battle of Kadesh took place in the 13th century BC between the Egyptian Empire led by pharaoh Ramesses II and the Hittite Empire led by king Muwatalli II.Their armies engaged each other at the Orontes River, just upstream of Lake Homs and near the archaeological site of Kadesh, along what is today the Lebanon–Syria border.
Ramesses II [a] (/ ˈ r æ m ə s iː z, ˈ r æ m s iː z, ˈ r æ m z iː z /; Ancient Egyptian: rꜥ-ms-sw, Rīꜥa-masē-sə, [b] Ancient Egyptian pronunciation: [ɾiːʕamaˈseːsə]; c. 1303 BC – 1213 BC), [7] commonly known as Ramesses the Great, was an Egyptian pharaoh. He was the third ruler of the Nineteenth Dynasty.
The best known and preserved textual evidence about Egyptian chariots in action was from the Battle of Kadesh during the reign of Ramses II, which was probably the largest single chariot battle in history. [9] Kamose (1555–1550) has the distinction of being the first Egyptian ruler to use the chariot and cavalry units in battle, giving him ...
Relief of Ramses II located in Abu Simbel fighting at the Battle of Kadesh. Note that there are two archers riding in the chariot, with one of them having the reins tied around his body to free his hands. Chariots were expensive status symbols that took much training to master, reserving their use to the warrior elite.
The Egyptians then improved the design of the chariot to suit their own requirements. Egyptian pharaoh Ramesses II in his war chariot charging into battle against the Nubians. The principal weapon of the Egyptian army was the bow and arrow; it was transformed into a formidable weapon with the introduction by the Hyksos of the composite bow.
The Kadesh Inscriptions of Ramesses II. Oxford; Thomas Charles Hartman (1967). The Kadesh Inscriptions of Ramesses II: An Analysis of the Verbal Patterns of a Ramesside Royal Inscription. Brandeis University. Anthony John Spalinger (2002). The Transformation of an Ancient Egyptian Narrative: P. Sallier III and the Battle of Kadesh. Otto ...
The limestone block is about 3.8 metres (12.5 feet) high and depicts a seated Ramses wearing a double crown and a headdress topped with a royal cobra, Bassem Jihad, head of the mission's Egyptian ...
Ramses II fighting from a chariot at the Battle of Kadesh with two archers, one with the reins tied around the waist to free both hands (relief from Abu Simbel, 13th century BC) Chariot use made its way into Egypt around 1650 BC during the Hyksos invasion of Egypt and establishment of the Fourteenth Dynasty. [11]