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For example, when heated with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) in the presence of AIBN, toluene converts to benzyl bromide. The same conversion can be effected with elemental bromine in the presence of UV light or even sunlight. Toluene may also be brominated by treating it with HBr and H 2 O 2 in the presence of light. [31] C 6 H 5 CH 3 + Br 2 → C 6 ...
Toluene (or methylbenzene) is a common chemical found in chemistry laboratories. An alkylbenzene is a chemical compound that contains a monocyclic aromatic ring attaching to one or more saturated hydrocarbon chains. [1] Alkylbenzenes are derivatives of benzene, in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl groups.
Toluene disproportionation (TDP) is the conversion of toluene to benzene and xylene. [66] Given that demand for para-xylene (p-xylene) substantially exceeds demand for other xylene isomers, a refinement of the TDP process called Selective TDP (STDP) may be used. In this process, the xylene stream exiting the TDP unit is approximately 90% p ...
Vapor pressure at 40°C of toluene is 7880 Pa and methylcyclohexane is 10900 Pa while DBT is 0.07 Pa and perhydro-dibenzyltoluene (H18-DBT) is 0.04 Pa. [21] This substance is currently being used as a heat transfer oil, for example, under the trade name Marlotherm SH. [22] Temperatures of approx. 300°C are necessary for dehydrogenation.
Chemicals produced from toluene. toluene – methylbenzene; can be a solvent or precursor for other chemicals benzene; toluene diisocyanate (TDI) – used as co-monomers with polyether polyols to form polyurethanes or with di- or polyamines to form polyureas polyurethanes; benzoic acid – carboxybenzene caprolactam; Chemicals produced from xylenes
Toluene derivatives (3 P) 2-Tolyl compounds (18 P) 3-Tolyl compounds (10 P) 4-Tolyl compounds (1 C, 25 P) Pages in category "Toluenes" The following 15 pages are in ...
For example, occupational exposure to organic solvents has been associated with higher numbers of painters suffering from alcoholism. [35] Ethanol has a synergistic effect when taken in combination with many solvents; for instance, a combination of toluene / benzene and ethanol causes greater nausea / vomiting than either substance alone.
In the petroleum refining and petrochemical industries, the initialism BTX refers to mixtures of benzene, toluene, and the three xylene isomers, all of which are aromatic hydrocarbons. The xylene isomers are distinguished by the designations ortho – (or o –), meta – (or m –), and para – (or p –) as indicated in the adjacent diagram.