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Example scarab bottom):Medium to moderate size scarab, with horizontal text. (Text always reads into the faces of animals, right-to-left, this scarab.) The Wild-Cattle Hunt by Amenhotep III in the IInd Year of his Reign-(2nd year) Scarab Giving the Names of the Father and Mother of Queen Ti
A "scarabaeus" is also a now outdated term (OED 2) for an object in the form of a scarab beetle in art. The scarab was a popular form of amulet in Ancient Egypt, [3] and in ancient Greek art engraved gems were often carved as scarabs on the rest of the stone behind the main flattish face, which was used for sealing documents. [4]
Thus, the scarab was seen as a reflection of the eternal cycle of life and was characterized as representing the idea of rebirth and regeneration. [10] [11] The scarab has ties to themes of manifestation and growth, and scarabs have been found all across Egypt which originate from many different periods in Egyptian history.
Kheper is a subgenus of Scarabaeus: the typical genus of scarab beetles in the tribe Scarabaeini. [1] [2] The genus name honors the god Khepri in the ancient Egyptian religion, who is depicted as having a scarab for a head. [3] Kheper can be found on the border between Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa in the arid sand dunes. [4]
A scarab beetle grub from Australia. The C-shaped larvae , called grubs, are pale yellow or white. Most adult beetles are nocturnal, although the flower chafers ( Cetoniinae ) and many leaf chafers ( Rutelinae ) are active during the day.
Scarabaeus sacer is the most famous of the scarab beetles. [14] To the Ancient Egyptians, S. sacer was a symbol of Khepri, the early morning manifestation of the sun god Ra, from an analogy between the beetle's behaviour of rolling a ball of dung across the ground and Khepri's task of rolling the sun across the sky. [15]
Yaqub-Har is attested by no less than 27 scarab seals. Three are from Canaan , four from Egypt, one from Nubia and the remaining 19 are of unknown provenance. [ 2 ] The wide geographic repartition of these scarabs indicate the existence of trade relations among the Nile Delta , Canaan, and Nubia during the Second Intermediate Period.
Objections to evolution have been raised since evolutionary ideas came to prominence in the 19th century. When Charles Darwin published his 1859 book On the Origin of Species, his theory of evolution (the idea that species arose through descent with modification from a single common ancestor in a process driven by natural selection) initially met opposition from scientists with different ...