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A B+ tree is an m-ary tree with a variable but often large number of children per node. A B+ tree consists of a root, internal nodes and leaves. [ 1 ] The root may be either a leaf or a node with two or more children.
In the B+ tree, the internal nodes do not store any pointers to records, thus all pointers to records are stored in the leaf nodes. In addition, a leaf node may include a pointer to the next leaf node to speed up sequential access. [2] Because B+ tree internal nodes have fewer pointers, each node can hold more keys, causing the tree to be ...
Trees can be used to represent and manipulate various mathematical structures, such as: Paths through an arbitrary node-and-edge graph (including multigraphs), by making multiple nodes in the tree for each graph node used in multiple paths; Any mathematical hierarchy; Tree structures are often used for mapping the relationships between things ...
To turn a regular search tree into an order statistic tree, the nodes of the tree need to store one additional value, which is the size of the subtree rooted at that node (i.e., the number of nodes below it). All operations that modify the tree must adjust this information to preserve the invariant that size[x] = size[left[x]] + size[right[x]] + 1
Database tables and indexes may be stored on disk in one of a number of forms, including ordered/unordered flat files, ISAM, heap files, hash buckets, or B+ trees. Each form has its own particular advantages and disadvantages. The most commonly used forms are B-trees and ISAM.
Hilbert R-tree, an R-tree variant, is an index for multidimensional objects such as lines, regions, 3-D objects, or high-dimensional feature-based parametric objects. It can be thought of as an extension to B+-tree for multidimensional objects.
In computer science, the log-structured merge-tree (also known as LSM tree, or LSMT [1]) is a data structure with performance characteristics that make it attractive for providing indexed access to files with high insert volume, such as transactional log data. LSM trees, like other search trees, maintain key-value pairs. LSM trees maintain data ...
A BK-tree is a metric tree suggested by Walter Austin Burkhard and Robert M. Keller specifically adapted to discrete metric spaces. For simplicity, consider integer discrete metric (,). Then, BK-tree is defined in the following way. An arbitrary element a is selected as root node. The root node may have zero or more subtrees.