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Such comparatively simple universes can be described by simple solutions of Einstein's equations. The current cosmological models of the universe are obtained by combining these simple solutions to general relativity with theories describing the properties of the universe's matter content, namely thermodynamics, nuclear-and particle physics.
The majority of ordinary matter in the universe is found in atomic nuclei, which are made of neutrons and protons. These nucleons are made up of smaller particles called quarks, and antimatter equivalents for each are predicted to exist by the Dirac equation in 1928. [8] Since then, each kind of antiquark has been experimentally verified.
The matter must, of course, also satisfy whatever additional equations were imposed on its properties. In short, such a solution is a model universe that satisfies the laws of general relativity, and possibly additional laws governing whatever matter might be present. [53]
Physical cosmology is a branch of cosmology concerned with the study of cosmological models. A cosmological model, or simply cosmology, provides a description of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the universe and allows study of fundamental questions about its origin, structure, evolution, and ultimate fate. [1]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 4 December 2024. Miss Baker, a squirrel monkey, rode a Jupiter IRBM (scale model of rocket shown) into space in 1959. Landmarks for animals in space 1947: First animals in space (fruit flies) 1949: First primate and first mammal in space 1950: First mouse in space 1951: First dogs in space 1957: First ...
After 1915, when Albert Einstein published the theory of gravity (general relativity), the search for a unified field theory combining gravity with electromagnetism began with a renewed interest. In Einstein's day, the strong and the weak forces had not yet been discovered, yet he found the potential existence of two other distinct forces ...
Dark matter makes up most of the universe and decides how it grows – but still remains mostly mysterious. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 ...
The modern era of testing general relativity was ushered in largely at the impetus of Dicke and Schiff who laid out a framework for testing general relativity. [ 39 ] [ 40 ] [ 41 ] They emphasized the importance not only of the classical tests, but of null experiments, testing for effects which in principle could occur in a theory of ...