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Chickenpox, also known as varicella (/ ˌ v ɛ r ə ˈ s ɛ l ə / VER-ə-SEL-ə), is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV), a member of the herpesvirus family.
Varicella vaccine, also known as chickenpox vaccine, is a vaccine that protects against chickenpox. [9] One dose of vaccine prevents 95% of moderate disease and 100% of severe disease. [ 10 ] Two doses of vaccine are more effective than one. [ 10 ]
Varicella zoster virus (VZV), also known as human herpesvirus 3 (HHV-3, HHV3) or Human alphaherpesvirus 3 (taxonomically), is one of nine known herpes viruses that can infect humans. It causes chickenpox (varicella) commonly affecting children and young adults, and shingles (herpes zoster) in adults but rarely in children.
A zoster vaccine is a vaccine that reduces the incidence of herpes zoster (shingles), a disease caused by reactivation of the varicella zoster virus, which is also responsible for chickenpox. [8] Shingles provokes a painful rash with blisters, and can be followed by chronic pain (postherpetic neuralgia), as well as other complications.
Pox parties, also known as flu parties, are social activities in which children are deliberately exposed to infectious diseases such as chickenpox.Such parties originated to "get it over with" before vaccines were available for a particular illness or because childhood infection might be less severe than infection during adulthood, according to proponents.
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) has a high level of infectivity and has a worldwide prevalence. [78] Shingles is a re-activation of latent VZV infection: zoster can only occur in someone who has previously had chickenpox (varicella). Shingles has no relationship to season and does not occur in epidemics.
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The name of the family, Poxviridae, is a legacy of the original grouping of viruses associated with diseases that produced poxes on the skin.Modern viral classification is based on phenotypic characteristics; morphology, nucleic acid type, mode of replication, host organisms, and the type of disease they cause.