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1938 [5] [6] Whittaker 1969 [7] Woese et al. 1977 [8] [9] Woese et al. 1990 [10] Cavalier-Smith 1993 [11] [12] [13] Cavalier-Smith 1998 [14] [15] [16] Ruggiero et al. 2015 [17] — — 2 empires: 2 empires: 2 empires: 2 empires: 3 domains: 3 superkingdoms 2 empires: 2 superkingdoms: 2 kingdoms 3 kingdoms — 4 kingdoms: 5 kingdoms: 6 kingdoms ...
Linnaeus 1735 [1] Haeckel 1866 [2] Chatton 1925 [3] Copeland 1938 [4] Whittaker 1969 [5] Woese et al. 1990 [6] Cavalier-Smith 1998, [7] 2015 [8] 2 kingdoms 3 kingdoms 2 empires: 4 kingdoms: 5 kingdoms
Haeckel's original (1866) conception of the three kingdoms of life, including the new kingdom Protista. Notice the inclusion of the cyanobacterium Nostoc with plants. In 1674, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek , often called the "father of microscopy", sent the Royal Society of London a copy of his first observations of microscopic single-celled organisms.
The North American catfish has acquired an association with American Southern folklore which exceeds its place as a mere food fish. The image of cane-pole fishing for catfish at a proverbial lazy stream has become a stand-by of southern Americana. In some areas, the bullhead is seen as a desirable quarry, for its fighting qualities exceed its size.
Since then, various life forms have been moved into three new kingdoms: Monera, for prokaryotes (i.e., bacteria); Protista, for protozoans and most algae; and Fungi. This five-kingdom scheme is still far from the phylogenetic ideal and has largely been supplanted in modern taxonomic work by a division into three domains: Bacteria and Archaea ...
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By 1998, Cavalier-Smith had reduced the total number of kingdoms from eight to six: Animalia, Protozoa, Fungi, Plantae (including red and green algae), Chromista, and Bacteria. [44] Five of Cavalier-Smith's kingdoms are classified as eukaryotes as shown in the following scheme: Eubacteria; Neomura. Archaebacteria; Eukaryotes. Kingdom Protozoa
Although hardhead catfish reach a weight of about 5.5 kg (12 lb) and are edible, they have a mixed reputation as game fish and are often considered nuisance bait stealers. [12] A less-abundant species, more highly regarded as a game and food fish, is the gafftopsail catfish, Bagre marinus. The range of the gafftop extends further south, to ...