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Shortly after the teratogenic properties of thalidomide were recognized in the mid-1960s, its anti-cancer potential was explored and two clinical trials were conducted in people with advanced cancer, including some people with multiple myeloma; the trials were inconclusive. [65] Little further work was done with thalidomide in cancer until the ...
The thalidomide molecule is a synthetic derivative of glutamic acid and consists of a glutarimide ring and a phthaloyl ring (Figure 5). [15] [16] Its IUPAC name is 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindole-1,3-dione and it has one chiral center [15] After thalidomide's selective inhibition of TNF-α had been reported, a renewed effort was put in thalidomide's clinical development.
For information regarding birth defects, see thalidomide. Very common (may affect more than 1 in 10 people) Somnolence (drowsiness; ~40%) Edema (~60%)
Teratology is the study of abnormalities of physiological development in organisms during their life span. It is a sub-discipline in medical genetics which focuses on the classification of congenital abnormalities in dysmorphology caused by teratogens and also in pharmacology and toxicology.
Phocomelia is a congenital condition that involves malformations of human arms and legs which result in a flipper-like appendage. [1] [2] A prominent cause of phocomelia is the mother being prescribed the use of the drug thalidomide during pregnancy; however, the causes of most cases are to be determined.
The U.S. Kefauver–Harris Amendment or "Drug Efficacy Amendment" is a 1962 amendment to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. It introduced a requirement for drug manufacturers to provide proof of the effectiveness and safety of their drugs before approval, [1] [2] required drug advertising to disclose accurate information about side effects, and stopped cheap generic drugs being marketed ...
51185 58799 Ensembl ENSG00000113851 ENSMUSG00000005362 UniProt Q96SW2 Q8C7D2 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001173482 NM_016302 NM_021449 NM_175357 RefSeq (protein) NP_001166953 NP_057386 NP_067424 NP_780566 Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 3.14 – 3.18 Mb Chr 6: 106.76 – 106.78 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Cereblon is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRBN gene. The gene that ...
Lenalidomide is closely related to thalidomide, which is known to cause severe birth defects, so its use during pregnancy is very likely to harm the fetus. [ 8 ] Lenalidomide belongs to a class of drugs known as immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs) or Cereblon E3 ligase modulators , which includes thalidomide and its analogs. [ 9 ]