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Glutaric acidemia type 2 has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Mutations in the ETFA, ETFB, and ETFDH genes cause glutaric acidemia type II. Mutations in these genes result in a deficiency in one of two enzymes that normally work together in the mitochondria, which are the energy-producing centers of cells.
Because glucose is the primary source of fuel for the brain, patients with GLUT1 deficiency have insufficient cellular energy to permit normal brain growth and function. [ 8 ] Around 90% of cases of GLUT1 deficiency syndrome are de novo mutations of the SLC2A1 gene (a mutation not present in the parents, but present in one of the two copies of ...
Deficiency in GlcNAc-1-P transferase causes DPAGT1-CDG (CDG-Ij) [14] Loss of the first mannosyltransferase causes ALG1-CDG (CDG-Ik) [15] Loss of the second mannosyltransferase (adds Man II and III) causes ALG2-CDG (CDG-Ii). [16] Loss of the third mannosyltransferase (adds Man IV and V) causes ALG11-CDG (CDG-Ip) [17]
[medical citation needed] Physical and occupational therapy may be beneficial for some patients. [medical citation needed] Alterations in diet may provide temporary improvement but will not alter the course of the disease. [medical citation needed] Genetic counseling can provide families with information regarding risk in future pregnancies.
GSD Ia is caused by a deficiency in the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase; GSD Ib, a deficiency in the transport protein glucose-6-phosphate translocase. Because glycogenolysis is the principal metabolic mechanism by which the liver supplies glucose to the body during fasting , both deficiencies cause severe hypoglycemia and, over time, excess ...
Supplemental tests: blood tests, exercise stress test, 12-Minute Walk Test, non-ischemic forearm test, EMG Glycogen storage disease type V ( GSD5 , GSD-V ), [ 1 ] also known as McArdle's disease , [ 2 ] is a metabolic disorder , one of the metabolic myopathies , more specifically a muscle glycogen storage disease , caused by a deficiency of ...
Autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy is a type of immune-mediated autonomic failure that is associated with antibodies against the ganglionic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor present in sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric ganglia.
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (A1AD or AATD) is a genetic disorder that may result in lung disease or liver disease. [1] Onset of lung problems is typically between 20 and 50 years of age. [ 1 ] This may result in shortness of breath , wheezing , or an increased risk of lung infections .