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  2. Cognitive reframing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_reframing

    Cognitive reframing can be useful in many ways, such as when trying to improve memory, reduce test anxiety, and helping parents and children cope with disabilities. For example, people with memory problems were told that their memory could be improved by shifting their perspective on their problem. After receiving treatment, their memory ...

  3. Methods of neuro-linguistic programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_neuro...

    The methods of neuro-linguistic programming are the specific techniques used to perform and teach neuro-linguistic programming, [1] [2] which teaches that people are only able to directly perceive a small part of the world using their conscious awareness, and that this view of the world is filtered by experience, beliefs, values, assumptions, and biological sensory systems.

  4. Paraprosdokian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraprosdokian

    A paraprosdokian (/ p ær ə p r ɒ s ˈ d oʊ k i ə n /), or par'hyponoian, is a figure of speech in which the latter part of a sentence, phrase, or larger discourse is surprising or unexpected in a way that causes the reader or listener to reframe or reinterpret the first part.

  5. Framing (social sciences) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framing_(social_sciences)

    [75] By refocusing the structure away from one frame ("tax burden" or "tax responsibilities"), individuals can set the agenda of the questions asked in the future. Cognitive linguists point to an example of framing in the phrase "tax relief". In this frame, use of the concept "relief" entails a concept of (without mentioning the benefits ...

  6. Cognitive restructuring - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_restructuring

    Cognitive restructuring (CR) is a psychotherapeutic process of learning to identify and dispute irrational or maladaptive thoughts known as cognitive distortions, [1] such as all-or-nothing thinking (splitting), magical thinking, overgeneralization, magnification, [1] and emotional reasoning, which are commonly associated with many mental health disorders. [2]

  7. Cognitive development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_development

    Qualitative differences between how a child processes their waking experience and how an adult processes their waking experience are acknowledged (such as object permanence, the understanding of logical relations, and cause-effect reasoning in school-age children). Cognitive development is defined as the emergence of the ability to consciously ...

  8. Framing effect (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framing_effect_(psychology)

    For example, they are more likely to enjoy meat labeled 75% lean meat as opposed to 25% fat, or use condoms advertised as being 95% effective as opposed to having a 5% risk of failure. [ 26 ] Young adults are especially susceptible to framing effects when presented with an ill-defined problem in which there is no correct answer and individuals ...

  9. Cognitive therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_therapy

    Examples [21] of socratic questions are: "Describe the way you formed your viewpoint originally." "What initially convinced you that your current view is the best one available?" "Think of three pieces of evidence that contradict this view, or that support the opposite view. Think about the opposite of this viewpoint and reflect on it for a moment.