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  2. Lattice (group) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lattice_(group)

    A lattice in the sense of a 3-dimensional array of regularly spaced points coinciding with e.g. the atom or molecule positions in a crystal, or more generally, the orbit of a group action under translational symmetry, is a translation of the translation lattice: a coset, which need not contain the origin, and therefore need not be a lattice in ...

  3. Hexagonal lattice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexagonal_lattice

    The honeycomb point set is a special case of the hexagonal lattice with a two-atom basis. [1] The centers of the hexagons of a honeycomb form a hexagonal lattice, and the honeycomb point set can be seen as the union of two offset hexagonal lattices. In nature, carbon atoms of the two-dimensional material graphene are arranged in a honeycomb ...

  4. Square lattice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_lattice

    In mathematics, the square lattice is a type of lattice in a two-dimensional Euclidean space. It is the two-dimensional version of the integer lattice, denoted as ⁠ ⁠. [1] It is one of the five types of two-dimensional lattices as classified by their symmetry groups; [2] its symmetry group in IUC notation as p4m, [3] Coxeter notation as [4 ...

  5. Integer lattice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_lattice

    where the symmetric group S n acts on (Z 2) n by permutation (this is a classic example of a wreath product). For the square lattice, this is the group of the square, or the dihedral group of order 8; for the three-dimensional cubic lattice, we get the group of the cube, or octahedral group, of order 48.

  6. Bravais lattice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bravais_lattice

    The seven lattice systems and their Bravais lattices in three dimensions. In geometry and crystallography, a Bravais lattice, named after Auguste Bravais (), [1] is an infinite array of discrete points generated by a set of discrete translation operations described in three dimensional space by

  7. Rectangular lattice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectangular_lattice

    The rectangular lattice and rhombic lattice (or centered rectangular lattice) constitute two of the five two-dimensional Bravais lattice types. [1] The symmetry categories of these lattices are wallpaper groups pmm and cmm respectively. The conventional translation vectors of the rectangular lattices form an angle of 90° and are of unequal ...

  8. Reciprocal lattice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocal_lattice

    The computer-generated reciprocal lattice of a fictional monoclinic 3D crystal. A two-dimensional crystal and its reciprocal lattice. Reciprocal lattice is a concept associated with solids with translational symmetry which plays a major role in many areas such as X-ray and electron diffraction as well as the energies of electrons in a solid.

  9. Oblique lattice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblique_lattice

    The oblique lattice is one of the five two-dimensional Bravais lattice types. [1] The symmetry category of the lattice is wallpaper group p2. The primitive translation vectors of the oblique lattice form an angle other than 90° and are of unequal lengths.

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