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Chancroid is a bacterial infection caused by the fastidious Gram-negative streptobacillus Haemophilus ducreyi. This pathogen is highly infectious [3]. It is a disease found primarily in developing countries, most prevalent in low socioeconomic groups, associated with commercial sex workers. [5]
The first study linking this disease with the agent Hemophilus ducreyi was published in 1889 by Auguste Ducrey. Each year in the United States, there are over 2,000 cases of chancroid. [1] Chancroid starts as an erythematous papular lesion that breaks down into a painful bleeding ulcer with a necrotic base and ragged edge.
Buboes are also symptoms of other diseases, such as chancroid and lymphogranuloma venereum. [6] [7] In these conditions, a two-week course of antibiotics is the recommended treatment, and incision and drainage or excision of the swollen lymph nodes is best avoided. [8] [9] However, aspiration may sometimes be performed to prevent buboes from ...
The most common cause of genital ulcers in the United States is herpes simplex infections, with syphilis the second most common cause, and chancroid the third. [3] These common causes of genital ulcer disease (HSV-1, HSV-2 and treponema pallidum) can all be efficiently transmitted through oral sex, [1] as well as anal and vaginal sex.
The genus includes commensal organisms along with some significant pathogenic species such as H. influenzae—a cause of sepsis and bacterial meningitis in young children—and H. ducreyi, the causative agent of chancroid. All members are either aerobic or facultatively anaerobic. This genus has been found to be part of the salivary microbiome. [5]
Without treatment it may persist for two to six weeks before healing. [2] Chancres transmit syphilis through direct physical contact. These ulcers usually form on or around the anus, mouth, penis and vulva. Chancres are also associated with the African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), surrounding the area of the tsetse fly bite. [citation ...
[7] [8] The term sexually transmitted infection is generally preferred over sexually transmitted disease or venereal disease, as it includes cases with no symptomatic disease. [9] Symptoms and signs of STIs may include vaginal discharge, penile discharge, ulcers on or around the genitals, and pelvic pain. [1] Some STIs can cause infertility. [1]
The treatment of choice for HACEK organisms in endocarditis is the third-generation cephalosporin and β-Lactam antibiotic ceftriaxone. Ampicillin (a penicillin), combined with low-dose gentamicin (an aminoglycoside) is another therapeutic option. [7]