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A shell script is a computer program designed to be run by a Unix shell, a command-line interpreter. [1] The various dialects of shell scripts are considered to be command languages . Typical operations performed by shell scripts include file manipulation, program execution, and printing text.
In Unix, Linux and other Unix-like operating systems, the first two bytes in a file can be the characters "#!", which constitute a magic number (hexadecimal 23 and 21, the ASCII values of "#" and "!") often referred to as shebang, prefix the first line in a script, with the remainder of the line being a command usually limited to a max of 14 ...
For example, if a script is named with the path path/to/script, and it starts with the line #!/bin/sh, then the program loader is instructed to run the program /bin/sh, passing path/to/script as the first argument. The shebang line is usually ignored by the interpreter, because the "#" character is a comment marker in many scripting languages ...
"It is also the first to have a command processor implemented as ordinary user code – an idea later used in the Unix shell."Multics Wikipage It was called exec_com or ec. [20] [21] 1971 () "Ken Thompson (of Bell Labs) developed the first shell for UNIX called the 'V6 shell'." Its sole purpose was to serve as an interactive shell.
A Unix shell is a command-line interpreter or shell that provides a command line user interface for Unix-like operating systems. The shell is both an interactive command language and a scripting language , and is used by the operating system to control the execution of the system using shell scripts .
The Bourne shell (sh) is a shell command-line interpreter for computer operating systems.It first appeared on Version 7 Unix, as its default shell. Unix-like systems continue to have /bin/sh—which will be the Bourne shell, or a symbolic link or hard link to a compatible shell—even when other shells are used by most users.
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An MS-DOS command line, illustrating parsing into command and arguments. A command-line argument or parameter is an item of information provided to a program when it is started. [20] A program can have many command-line arguments that identify sources or destinations of information, or that alter the operation of the program.