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The name "Outer Mongolia" is contrasted with Inner Mongolia, [1] which corresponds to the region of Inner Mongolia in China. Inner Mongolia was given its name because it was more directly administered by the Qing court; Outer Mongolia (which is further from the capital Beijing) had a greater degree of autonomy within the Qing empire.
Map showing Dzungar–Qing Wars between Qing dynasty and Dzungar Khanate Mongolia in the map of 1747. The Khorchin Mongols allied with Nurhaci and the Jurchens in 1626, submitting to his rule for protection against the Khalkha Mongols and Chahar Mongols. 7 Khorchin nobles died at the hands of Khalkha and Chahars in 1625.
Official map of the Qing Empire published by the Qing in 1905. The Qing dynasty in Inner Asia was the expansion of the Qing dynasty's realm in Inner Asia in the 17th and the 18th century AD, including both Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia, both Manchuria (Northeast China) and Outer Manchuria, Tibet, Qinghai and Xinjiang.
An enlargeable map of Mongolia. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Mongolia: Mongolia is a landlocked sovereign state in East Asia. It borders Russia to the north and China to the south. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city, is home to about 38% of the population.
The occupation of Outer Mongolia by the Beiyang government of the Republic of China after the revocation of Outer Mongolian autonomy (Chinese: 外蒙古撤治) began in October 1919 and lasted until 18 March 1921, when Chinese troops in Urga were routed by Baron Roman von Ungern-Sternberg's White Russian (Buryats, [2] Russians etc.) and Mongolian forces. [3]
Outer Mongolia gained independence from Qing China in 1911, and enjoyed brief autonomy before it was seized by the Beiyang government of China in 1919. After a Soviet-backed revolution in 1921, the Mongolian People's Republic was established in 1924.
With the Song dynasty (960–1269) to the south, the Khitan people of Inner Mongolia created the Liao dynasty (916–1125) and conquered Outer Mongolia and Manchuria, going on to control the adjacent part of the Sixteen Prefectures in Northern China as well. The Liao dynasty became the first state to control all of Manchuria.
The name Mongolia means the "Land of the Mongols" in Latin. The Mongolian word "Mongol" (монгол) is of uncertain etymology.Sükhbataar (1992) and de la Vaissière (2021) proposed it being a derivation from Mugulü, the 4th-century founder of the Rouran Khaganate, [13] first attested as the 'Mungu', [14] (Chinese: 蒙兀, Modern Chinese Měngwù, Middle Chinese Muwngu), [15] a branch of ...